信息时代：导论与综述
Age of Information: An Introduction and Survey
摘要：
我们总结了最近在信息时代（AoI）的广泛领域的贡献。特别是，我们描述了目前的最先进的设计和优化的低延迟的网络物理系统和应用程序中，源发送时间戳的状态更新感兴趣的收件人。这些应用程序希望在接收方的状态更新尽可能及时;然而，这通常受到有限系统资源的约束。我们描述了AoI的及时性指标，并提出了适用于各种来源和系统的AoI评估分析的一般方法。从基本的单服务器队列开始，我们将这些AoI方法应用于一系列日益复杂的系统，包括通过噪声信道传输的能量收集传感器，并行服务器系统，嵌入式网络以及各种单跳和多跳无线网络。我们还探讨了更新年龄是如何与MMSE方法的采样，估计和控制的随机过程。本文最后回顾了在网络物理应用中采用年龄优化的努力。
英文摘要：
We summarize recent contributions in the broad area of age of information (AoI). In particular, we describe the current state of the art in the design and optimization of low-latency cyberphysical systems and applications in which sources send time-stamped status updates to interested recipients. These applications desire status updates at the recipients to be as timely as possible; however, this is typically constrained by limited system resources. We describe AoI timeliness metrics and present general methods of AoI evaluation analysis that are applicable to a wide variety of sources and systems. Starting from elementary single-server queues, we apply these AoI methods to a range of increasingly complex systems, including energy harvesting sensors transmitting over noisy channels, parallel server systems, queueing networks, and various single-hop and multi-hop wireless networks. We also explore how update age is related to MMSE methods of sampling, estimation and control of stochastic processes. The paper concludes with a review of efforts to employ age optimization in cyberphysical applications.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
