MaNGA揭示的矮星系中隐藏的AGN：光回波，离核流浪者和新的宽线AGN
Hidden AGN in dwarf galaxies revealed by MaNGA: light echoes, off-nuclear wanderers, and a new broad-line AGN
摘要：
矮星系中的活动星系核（AGN）可能是那些没有成长为超大质量黑洞的早期宇宙种子黑洞的遗迹。使用MaNGA积分场单元（IFU）光谱学，我们发现了37个矮星系的样本，它们在空间分辨发射线诊断图中显示出AGN电离特征。其中23个星系的活动星系核特征在很大程度上被综合发射谱线诊断所遗漏。这23个新候选活动星系核的辐射热光度为$\lesssim 10^{40}$ erg s $^{-1}$，比矮星系中的单纤维SDSS活动星系核、X射线活动星系核和射电活动星系核的辐射热光度都要暗，这表明IFU光谱学是鉴别矮星系中隐藏和微弱活动星系核的有力工具。在大多数情况下，活动星系核的发射是从矮星系的光学中心偏移，并显示出对称的形态，这表明要么活动星系核是无核的，该星系的中心发射是由恒星形成为主，或活动星系核关闭，我们正在观察过去的电离爆发。其中一个新的活动星系核显示了一个宽的H $α$发射线分量，由此我们导出了中等质量黑洞的黑洞质量。这构成了第一个隐藏的1型活动星系核发现的矮星系的基础上IFU光谱。这一隐藏而微弱的活动星系核样本的发现对矮星系活动星系核的布居研究和种子黑洞形成模型具有重要意义。
英文摘要：
Active galactic nuclei (AGN) in dwarf galaxies could possibly host the relics of those early Universe seed black holes that did not grow into supermassive black holes. Using MaNGA integral field unit (IFU) spectroscopy we have found a sample of 37 dwarf galaxies that show AGN ionisation signatures in spatially-resolved emission line diagnostic diagrams. The AGN signatures are largely missed by integrated emission line diagnostics for 23 of them. The bolometric luminosity of these 23 new AGN candidates is $\lesssim 10^{40}$ erg s$^{-1}$, fainter than that of single-fiber SDSS AGN, X-ray AGN, and radio AGN in dwarf galaxies, which stands IFU spectroscopy as a powerful tool for identifying hidden and faint AGN in dwarf galaxies. The AGN emission is in most cases offset from the optical center of the dwarf galaxy and shows a symmetric morphology, which indicates that either the AGN are off-nuclear, that the central emission of the galaxy is dominated by star formation, or that the AGN are turned-off and we are observing a past ionisation burst. One of the new AGN shows a broad H$α$ emission line component, from which we derive a black hole mass in the realm of intermediate-mass black holes. This constitutes the first hidden type 1 AGN discovered in a dwarf galaxy based on IFU spectroscopy. The finding of this sample of hidden and faint AGN has important implications for population studies of AGN in dwarf galaxies and for seed black hole formation models.
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