从分子通讯的角度看通过咳嗽和打喷嚏产生的飞沫传播和接收气载病原体
A Molecular Communication Perspective on Airborne Pathogen Transmission and Reception via Droplets Generated by Coughing and Sneezing
摘要：
传染病通过病毒和细菌等病原体传播。通过飞沫传播病原体是传染病的重要传播方式。本文从分子通讯的角度对传染病通过空气传播的传播机制进行了模拟。提出了一种以携带病原体的咳嗽/喷嚏液滴为输入、人体感染状态为输出的端到端系统模型。该模型利用重力、初始速度和浮力来实现液滴的传播，并提出了一种将人脸中心部分作为接收界面的接收器模型。此外，通过将传播的液滴的数量建模为随机过程来导出未感染的人的感染概率。数值结果表明，暴露时间和性别的人影响的感染概率。此外，水平咳嗽的社交距离应至少为1.7 m，咳嗽人感染较少人的安全咳嗽角度应小于-25 $^\circ$。
英文摘要：
Infectious diseases spread via pathogens such as viruses and bacteria. Airborne pathogen transmission via droplets is an important mode for infectious diseases. In this paper, the spreading mechanism of infectious diseases by airborne pathogen transmission between two humans is modeled with a molecular communication perspective. An end-to-end system model which considers the pathogen-laden cough/sneeze droplets as the input and the infection state of the human as the output is proposed. This model uses the gravity, initial velocity and buoyancy for the propagation of droplets and a receiver model which considers the central part of the human face as the reception interface is proposed. Furthermore, the probability of infection for an uninfected human is derived by modeling the number of propagating droplets as a random process. The numerical results reveal that exposure time and sex of the human affect the probability of infection. In addition, the social distance for a horizontal cough should be at least 1.7 m and the safe coughing angle of a coughing human to infect less people should be less than -25$^\circ$.
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