The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background Power Spectra at 98 and 150 GHz
Steve K. Choi, Matthew Hasselfield, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Brian Koopman, Marius Lungu, Maximilian H. Abitbol, Graeme E. Addison, Peter A. R. Ade, Simone Aiola, Da… 展开作者
Steve K. Choi, Matthew Hasselfield, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Brian Koopman, Marius Lungu, Maximilian H. Abitbol, Graeme E. Addison, Peter A. R. Ade, Simone Aiola, David Alonso, Mandana Amiri, Stefania Amodeo, Elio Angile, Jason E. Austermann, Taylor Baildon, Nick Battaglia, James A. Beall, Rachel Bean, Daniel T. Becker, J Richard Bond, Sarah Marie Bruno, Erminia Calabrese, Victoria Calafut, Luis E. Campusano, Felipe Carrero, Grace E. Chesmore, Hsiao-mei Cho, Susan E. Clark, Nicholas F. Cothard, Devin Crichton, Kevin T. Crowley, Omar Darwish, Rahul Datta, Edward V. Denison, Mark J. Devlin, Cody J. Duell, Shannon M. Duff, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Rolando Dünner, Thomas Essinger-Hileman, Max Fankhanel, Simone Ferraro, Anna E. Fox, Brittany Fuzia, Patricio A. Gallardo, Vera Gluscevic, Joseph E. Golec, Emily Grace, Megan Gralla, Yilun Guan, Kirsten Hall, Mark Halpern, Dongwon Han, Peter Hargrave, Shawn Henderson, Brandon Hensley, J. Colin Hill, Gene C. Hilton, Matt Hilton, Adam D. Hincks, Renée Hložek, Johannes Hubmayr, Kevin M. Huffenberger, John P. Hughes, Leopoldo Infante, Kent Irwin, Rebecca Jackson, Jeff Klein, Kenda Knowles, Arthur Kosowsky, Victoria Lakey, Dale Li, Yaqiong Li, Zack Li, Martine Lokken, Thibaut Louis, Amanda MacInnis, Mathew Madhavacheril, Felipe Maldonado, Maya Mallaby-Kay, Danica Marsden, Loïc Maurin, Jeff McMahon, Felipe Menanteau, Kavilan Moodley, Tim Morton, Sigurd Naess, Toshiya Namikawa, Federico Nati, Laura Newburgh, John P. Nibarger, Andrina Nicola, Michael D. Niemack, Michael R. Nolta, John Orlowski-Sherer, Lyman A. Page, Christine G. Pappas, Bruce Partridge, Phumlani Phakathi, Heather Prince, Roberto Puddu, Frank J. Qu, Jesus Rivera, Naomi Robertson, Felipe Rojas, Maria Salatino, Emmanuel Schaan, Alessandro Schillaci, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Neelima Sehgal, Blake D. Sherwin, Carlos Sierra, Jon Sievers, Cristobal Sifon, Precious Sikhosana, Sara Simon, David N. Spergel, Suzanne T. Staggs, Jason Stevens, Emilie Storer, Dhaneshwar D. Sunder, Eric R. Switzer, Ben Thorne, Robert Thornton, Hy Trac, Jesse Treu, Carole Tucker, Leila R. Vale, Alexander Van Engelen, Jeff Van Lanen, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Kasey Wagoner, Yuhan Wang, Jonathan T. Ward, Edward J. Wollack, Zhilei Xu, Fernando Zago, Ningfeng Zhu
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44 pages, 27 figures, products available on the NASA LAMBDA website, version accepted for publication in JCAP
We present the temperature and polarization angular power spectra of the CMB measured by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 5400 deg$^2$ of the 2013-2016 survey, which covers $>$15000 deg$^2$ at 98 and 150 GHz. For this analysis we adopt a blinding strategy to help avoid confirmation bias and, related to this, show numerous checks for systematic error done before unblinding. Using the likelihood for the cosmological analysis we constrain secondary sources of anisotropy and foreground emission, and derive a "CMB-only" spectrum that extends to $\ell=4000$. At large angular scales, foreground emission at 150 GHz is $\sim$1% of TT and EE within our selected regions and consistent with that found by Planck. Using the same likelihood, we obtain the cosmological parameters for $Λ$CDM for the ACT data alone with a prior on the optical depth of $τ=0.065\pm0.015$. $Λ$CDM is a good fit. The best-fit model has a reduced $χ^2$ of 1.07 (PTE=0.07) with $H_0=67.9\pm1.5$ km/s/Mpc. We show that the lensing BB signal is consistent with $Λ$CDM and limit the celestial EB polarization angle to $ψ_P =-0.07^{\circ}\pm0.09^{\circ}$. We directly cross correlate ACT with Planck and observe generally good agreement but with some discrepancies in TE. All data on which this analysis is based will be publicly released.
We study the global agreement between the most recent observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background temperature and polarization anisotropies angular power spectra released by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and the Planck satellite in various cosmological models that differ by the inclusion of different combinations of additional parameters. By using the Suspiciousness statistic, we show that the global "CMB tension" between the two experiments, quantified at the Gaussian equivalent level of $\sim 2.5\,σ$ within the baseline $Λ$CDM, is reduced at the level of $1.8σ$ when the effective numbe…
The gas depletion factor $γ(z)$, i.e., the average ratio of the gas mass fraction to the cosmic mean baryon fraction of galaxy clusters, plays a very important role in the cosmological application of the gas mass fraction measurements. In this paper, using the newest catalog of 182 galaxy clusters detected by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Polarization experiment, we investigate the possible redshift evolution of $γ(z)$ through a new cosmology-independent method. The method is based on non-parametric reconstruction using the measurements of Hubble parameters from cosmic chronometers. Un…
Diverse astrophysical observations suggest the existence of cold dark matter that interacts only gravitationally with radiation and ordinary baryonic matter. Any nonzero coupling between dark matter and baryons would provide a significant step towards understanding the particle nature of dark matter. Measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) provide constraints on such a coupling that complement laboratory searches. In this work we place upper limits on a variety of models for dark matter elastic scattering with protons and electrons by combining large-scale CMB data from the Planc…
The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect introduces a specific distortion of the blackbody spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation when it scatters off hot gas in clusters of galaxies. The frequency dependence of the distortion is only independent of the cluster redshift when the evolution of the CMB radiation is adiabatic. Using 370 clusters within the redshift range $0.07\lesssim z\lesssim1.4$ from the largest SZ-selected cluster sample to date from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, we provide new constraints on the deviation of CMB temperature evolution from the standard model …
Cosmic Birefringence from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Data Release 6
Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik（马克斯·普朗克天体物理学研究所）；Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München（慕尼黑大学）；Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo（东京大学前沿研究院 Kavli宇宙物理与数学研究所）
Weak-Lensing Mass Calibration of the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Equatorial Sunyaev-Zeldovich Cluster Sample with the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Stripe 82 Survey
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Test of the Gravitational Force Law on Cosmological Scales Using the Kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect
University of Pennsylvania（宾夕法尼亚大学）；Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago（芝加哥大学卡弗里宇宙物理研究所）；University of Southern California（南加州大学）；Columbia University（哥伦比亚大学）；Stanford University（斯坦福大学）；Simons Society of Fellows, Simons Foundation（西蒙斯基金会西蒙斯学者协会）；Cornell University（康奈尔大学）；Sapienza University of Rome（罗马第一大学）；Cardiff University（卡迪夫大学）；University of California, Riverside（加州大学河滨分校）；Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile（智利天主教 Pontificia 大学）；Instituto de Astrofísica, Facultad de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile（智利天主教 Pontificia 大学物理学院天体物理研究所）；Centro de Astro-Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile（智利天主教 Pontificia 大学天文工程中心）
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A demonstration of CMB lensing measurement from daytime data
University of Cambridge（剑桥大学）；Kavli Institute for Cosmology Cambridge（卡弗里宇宙学剑桥研究所）；Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology（卡弗里粒子天体物理与宇宙学研究所）；SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory（斯坦福直线加速器中心）；University of Pennsylvania（宾夕法尼亚大学）；Princeton University（普林斯顿大学）；Cardiff University（卡迪夫大学）
We examine the stacked thermal Sunyaev-Zel\text{'}dovich (SZ) signals for a sample of galaxy cluster candidates from the Spitzer-HETDEX Exploratory Large Area (SHELA) Survey, which are identified in combined optical and infrared SHELA data using the redMaPPer algorithm. We separate the clusters into three richness bins, with average photometric redshifts ranging from 0.70 to 0.80. The richest bin shows a clear temperature decrement at 148 GHz in the Atacama Cosmology Telescope data, which we attribute to the SZ effect. All richness bins show an increment at 220 GHz, which we attribute to dust …
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Constraints on Local Non-Gaussianity from the ACT Cluster Catalog
ICCUB, University of Barcelona（巴塞罗那大学）；Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto（多伦多大学理论天体物理研究所）；Wits Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand（威特沃特斯兰德大学物理学院天体物理中心）；Astrophysics Research Centre, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal（夸祖鲁-纳塔尔大学数学、统计与计算机科学学院天体物理研究中心）；ICREA（加泰罗尼亚高级研究院）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh（匹兹堡大学物理与天文系）；Department of Physics, Stanford University（斯坦福大学物理系）；Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology（卡弗里粒子天体物理与宇宙学研究所）
Two recent large data releases for the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT), called DR4 and DR5, are available for public access. These data include temperature and polarization maps that cover nearly half the sky at arcminute resolution in three frequency bands; lensing maps and component-separated maps covering ~ 2,100 deg^2 of sky; derived power spectra and cosmological likelihoods; a catalog of over 4,000 galaxy clusters; and supporting ancillary products including beam functions and masks. The data and products are described in a suite of ACT papers; here we provide a summary. In order to fa…
We use data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) DR4 to search for the presence of neutrino self-interaction in the cosmic microwave background. Consistent with prior works, the posterior distributions we find are bimodal, with one mode consistent with $Λ$CDM and one where neutrinos strongly self-interact. By combining ACT data with large-scale information from WMAP, we find that a delayed onset of neutrino free streaming caused by significantly strong neutrino self-interaction is compatible with these data at the $2-3σ$ level. As seen in the past, the preference shifts to $Λ$CDM with th…
We report on measurements of the polarization of extragalactic sources at 148 GHz made during the first two seasons of the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Polarization (ACTPol) survey. The survey covered 680 deg$^{2}$ of the sky on the celestial equator. Polarization measurements of 169 intensity-selected sources brighter than 30 mJy, that are predominantly Active Galactic Nuclei, are presented. Above a total flux of 215 mJy where the noise bias removal in the polarization measurement is reliable, we detect 26 sources, 14 of which have a detection of linear polarization at greater than 3$σ_{p}$ si…
Detection of the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect with BOSS DR11 and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope
我们提出了一个新的测量的运动学Sunyaev-Zeldovich效应使用的数据从阿塔卡玛宇宙望远镜（ACT）和重子振荡光谱巡天（BOSS）。使用600平方度的重叠天空区域，我们评估了与BOSS DR 11大尺度结构目录中50，000个明亮星系的位置相关的平均成对重子动量。一个非零信号来自包含样本星系的晕的大尺度运动。数据拟合的分析信号模型以及，与微波光子散射的光学深度作为一个自由参数确定的整体信号幅度。我们估计的协方差矩阵的平均成对动量作为星系分离的函数，使用微波天空模拟，折刀评估，和自助估计。最保守的基于模拟的误差给出了不同星系光度削减的信噪比估计在3.6和4.1之间。我们讨论了如何其他错误的决定，可以导致更高的信噪比值，并考虑几种可能的系统误差的影响。从样本星系位置的平均热Sunyaev-Zeldovich信号的光学深度的估计与从平均成对动量信号获得的光学深度的估计大致一致。
Fluctuating atmospheric emission is a dominant source of noise for ground-based millimeter-wave observations of the CMB temperature anisotropy at angular scales $\gtrsim 0.5^{\circ}$. We present a model of the atmosphere as a discrete set of emissive turbulent layers that move with respect to the observer with a horizontal wind velocity. After introducing a statistic derived from the time-lag dependent correlation function for detector pairs in an array, referred to as the pair-lag, we use this model to estimate the aggregate angular motion of the atmosphere derived from time-ordered data from…
We present a 5.4$σ$ detection of the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect using Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and $\it{Planck}$ CMB observations in combination with Luminous Red Galaxy samples from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR15 catalog. Results are obtained using three ACT CMB maps: co-added 150 GHz and 98 GHz maps, combining observations from 2008-2018 (ACT DR5), which overlap with SDSS DR15 over 3,700 sq. deg., and a component-separated map using night-time only observations from 2014-2015 (ACT DR4), overlapping with SDSS DR15 over 2,089 sq. deg. Comparisons of t…
We describe the measurement and treatment of the telescope beams for the Atacama Cosmology Telescope's fourth data release, DR4. Observations of Uranus are used to measure the central portion (<12') of the beams to roughly -40 dB of the peak. Such planet maps in intensity are used to construct azimuthally averaged beam profiles, which are fit with a physically motivated model before being transformed into Fourier space. We investigate and quantify a number of percent-level corrections to the beams, all of which are important for precision cosmology. Uranus maps in polarization are used to meas…
We present a catalog of 510 radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGN, primarily blazars) and 287 dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) detected by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope at $>5σ$ significance in bands centered on 148 GHz (2 mm), 218 GHz (1.4 mm) and 277 GHz (1.1 mm), from a 480 square degrees strip on the celestial equator with additional (360 square degrees) shallower fields. Combining the deepest available 218 GHz wide-field imaging, 277 GHz data, and multi-band filtering yields the most sensitive wide-field millimeter-wave DSFG selection to date with rms noise referenced to 218 GHz rea…
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR6 Constraints on Isotropic Time-Dependent Cosmic Birefringence from Axion-like Particles
Cornell University（康奈尔大学）；University of California, Riverside（加州大学河滨分校）；Cardiff University（卡迪夫大学）；University of Southern California（南加州大学）；University of Oslo（奥斯陆大学）；Princeton University（普林斯顿大学）；Arizona State University（亚利桑那州立大学）；NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center（美国国家航空航天局戈达德太空飞行中心）
We present arcminute-resolution intensity and polarization maps of the Galactic center made with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). The maps cover a 32 deg$^2$ field at 98, 150, and 224 GHz with $\vert l\vert\le4^\circ$, $\vert b\vert\le2^\circ$. We combine these data with Planck observations at similar frequencies to create coadded maps with increased sensitivity at large angular scales. With the coadded maps, we are able to resolve many known features of the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) in both total intensity and polarization. We map the orientation of the plane-of-sky component of the …
