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arXiv 2007.06723physics.flu-dyncond-mat.soft
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三维turbulence环流的面积法则

The area rule for circulation in three-dimensional turbulence

Kartik P. Iyer, Sachin S. Bharadwaj, Katepalli R. Sreenivasan

摘要:

在三维湍流中环流的一个看似合理的动力学理论背后的一个重要思想是所谓的面积法则,根据面积法则,闭合环路周围环流的概率密度函数(PDF)仅取决于环路的最小面积,而不是其形状。我们评估的鲁棒性的面积法则,平面和非平面循环,使用高分辨率的数据直接数值模拟。对于平面回路,矩形形状的环流力矩与正方形的环流力矩相匹配,只有很小的差异,当纵横比远离1时,这些差异更大,并且当力矩阶数增加时。对于这里检查的任何条件,差异不超过约$5\%$。观察到的二阶矩的纵横比的依赖性是不可区分的高斯随机场(GRF)与相同的两点关联函数(其结果是顺序独立的建设)的结果。当通过PDF的SD标准化时,纵横比依赖性甚至更小$(< 2\%)$,但不像GRF那样消失。我们获得周围的最小面积循环在三个维度的循环统计,并将它们与那些一个平面循环外接等效区域,我们发现,循环统计匹配在两种情况下,只有当归一化的内部变量,如SD。这项工作突出了迄今为止未知的最小表面和湍流之间的联系。

英文摘要:

An important idea underlying a plausible dynamical theory of circulation in three-dimensional turbulence is the so-called Area Rule, according to which the probability density function (PDF) of the circulation around closed loops depends only on the minimal area of the loop, not its shape. We assess the robustness of the Area Rule, for both planar and non-planar loops, using high-resolution data from Direct Numerical Simulations. For planar loops, the circulation moments for rectangular shapes match those for the square with only small differences, these differences being larger when the aspect ratio is further from unity, and when the moment-order increases. The differences do not exceed about $5\%$ for any condition examined here. The aspect-ratio dependence observed for the second-order moment are indistinguishable from results for the Gaussian Random Field (GRF) with the same two-point correlation function (for which the results are order-independent by construction). When normalized by the SD of the PDF, the aspect ratio dependence is even smaller $(< 2\%)$ but does not vanish unlike for the GRF. We obtain circulation statistics around minimal area loops in three dimensions and compare them to those of a planar loop circumscribing equivalent areas, and we find that circulation statistics match in the two cases only when normalized by an internal variable such as the SD. This work highlights the hitherto unknown connection between minimal surfaces and turbulence.

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