可重用学习对象：一种敏捷方法
Reusable Learning Objects: An Agile Approach
摘要：
本文讨论了可重用的学习对象（RLO），并在多大程度上他们已经辜负了承诺，特别是可重用性。在过去的20年里，可重用的学习对象实际上已经在文献中讨论过，但真正的大规模共享学习和教学材料仍然相对罕见和具有挑战性。本文认为，部分原因是，今天使用的学习对象的粒度是不利于真正的重用。当然，整个PowerPoint幻灯片和Word文档都保存在单独的文件和文件夹中。这不是一个理想的情况。因此，教育工作者，教师，课程设计者，不断地重新发明轮子，或者寻找一个优秀的作业，解释，定义最后一次出现的地方，以便它可以被复制。本文认为，要实现有效的重用学习对象，需要以下内容：更小，更细粒度（微）的学习对象;手段，将它们组合成更大的演示产品;和现代的修订和版本控制。本文提出了应用方法起源于软件工程社区，如敏捷方法，版本控制和管理，置标语言，和敏捷发布，共同形成敏捷方法的论文标题。在此基础上，本文研究了CourseGen，一个开源软件平台，旨在创建，共享，重用和发布可重用的课程内容。CourseGen使用了一种经过修改的markdown格式，并通过CourseGen特定的指令（如$link to and $ include topic）进行了增强。CourseGen编译器将CourseGen文件集合转换为最终格式，如网站或PowerPoint。CourseGen是在过去三年中在布兰代斯大学的几门计算机科学课程中设计、使用和改进的。
英文摘要：
This paper discusses Reusable Learning Objects (RLOs) and to what extent they have lived up to the promise, particularly of reusability. Reusable Learning Objects have actually been discussed in the literature for the last 20 years and yet true large scale sharing of learning and teaching materials remains relatively rare and challenging. This paper argues that part of the reason is that the granularity of the learning objects that are in use today is not conducive to true reuse. Certainly whole PowerPoint slide decks and word documents are kept in individual files and folders. It is not an ideal situation. As a result, educators, teachers, course designers, are constantly reinventing the wheel, or searching for where that one excellent assignment, explanation, definition was last seen so it can be copied forward. This paper argues that to achieve effective reuse of Learning Objects, the following are required: smaller, more granular (micro) learning objects; means to combine them into larger presentation products; and modern revision and version control. The paper proposes applying approaches originating in the software engineering community, such as agile methodology, version control and management, markup languages, and agile publishing, which together form the Agile Approach of the title of the paper. With that foundation laid, the paper examines CourseGen, an open source software platform designed for creating, sharing, reusing and publishing reusable course content. CourseGen uses a modified markdown format augmented by CourseGen specific directives, such as $link to and $include topic. The CourseGen compiler converts a collection of CourseGen files into the final format such as a web site or a PowerPoint. CourseGen was designed, used and refined over the last three years in several Computer Science Courses at Brandeis University.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
