Chajnantor地区PWV二十年测量
Twenty years of PWV measurements in the Chajnantor Area
摘要：
上下文由于Chajnantor地区良好的大气条件，人们对利用该地区进行毫米波和亚毫米波天文学的兴趣正在增加。了解可降水量（PWV）的一般站点年变率有助于该地区新观测站的规划。目标。我们试图创建一个20年的大气数据库（1997 - 2017年）在智利北部的Chajnantor地区使用一个单一的共同的物理单位，PWV。我们计划提取Chajnantor高原和Cerro Chajnantor的首脑会议之间的天气关系，以评估潜在的灵敏度改进部署在更高的网站的望远镜。我们的目标是验证在其他地点使用的亚毫米倾翻器的使用，并使用PWV数据库来检测20年来当地气候变化的潜在特征。方法.我们修改了我们的方法，从亚毫米倾翻不透明度转换为PWV。现在，我们将地面温度作为转换方案的输入参数，从而实现更高的转换精度。结果：我们发现在查南托峰测得的PWV相对于平台期降低了28%。此外，我们发现在Chajnantor高原的两个地点之间只有27米的高度差的PWV差异为1：9%：阿塔卡马探路者实验（APEX）和阿塔卡马大型毫米波阵列（ALMA）中心附近的宇宙背景成像仪（CBI）。这种差异可能是由于当地的地形条件，有利于PWV的差异。高原的标度高度是从高原和Cerro Chajnantor山顶的测量中提取的，值为1537米。考虑到这项工作从长期研究中获得的结果，我们没有看到PWV趋势在20年分析期间的证据，表明在这样的时间尺度上气候变化。
英文摘要：
Context. Interest in the use of the Chajnantor area for millimeter and submillimeter astronomy is increasing because of its excellent atmospheric conditions. Knowing the general site annual variability in precipitable water vapor (PWV) can contribute to the planning of new observatories in the area. Aims. We seek to create a 20-year atmospheric database (1997 - 2017) for the Chajnantor area in northern Chile using a single common physical unit, PWV.We plan to extract weather relations between the Chajnantor Plateau and the summit of Cerro Chajnantor to evaluate potential sensitivity improvements for telescopes fielded in the higher site. We aim to validate the use of submillimeter tippers to be used at other sites and use the PWV database to detect a potential signature for local climate change over 20 years. Methods. We revised our method to convert from submillimeter tipper opacity to PWV. We now include the ground temperature as an input parameter to the conversion scheme and, therefore, achieve a higher conversion accuracy. Results.We found a decrease in the measured PWV at the summit of Cerro Chajnantor with respect to the plateau of 28%. In addition, we found a PWV difference of 1:9% with only 27 m of altitude difference between two sites in the Chajnantor Plateau: the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX) and the Cosmic Background Imager (CBI) near the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) center. This difference is possibly due to local topographic conditions that favor the discrepancy in PWV. The scale height for the plateau was extracted from the measurements of the plateau and the Cerro Chajnantor summit, giving a value of 1537 m. Considering the results obtained in this work from the long-term study, we do not see evidence of PWV trends in the 20-year period of the analysis that would suggest climate change in such a timescale.
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