In order to interact with objects in our environment, humans rely on an understanding of the actions that can be performed on them, as well as their properties. When considering concrete motor actions, this knowledge has been called the object affordance. Can this notion be generalized to any type of interaction that one can have with an object? In this paper we introduce a method to represent objects in a space where each dimension corresponds to a broad mode of interaction, based on verb selectional preferences in text corpora. This object embedding makes it possible to predict human judgments of verb applicability to objects better than a variety of alternative approaches. Furthermore, we show that the dimensions in this space can be used to predict categorical and functional dimensions in a state-of-the-art mental representation of objects, derived solely from human judgements of object similarity. These results suggest that interaction knowledge accounts for a large part of mental representations of objects.
PsychAdapter: Adapting LLM Transformers to Reflect Traits, Personality and Mental Health
Stony Brook University（石溪大学）；New York University（纽约大学）；University of Melbourne（墨尔本大学）；University of Texas at Dallas（德克萨斯大学达拉斯分校）；University of Pennsylvania（宾夕法尼亚大学）；Stanford University（斯坦福大学）
EmoAgent: Assessing and Safeguarding Human-AI Interaction for Mental Health Safety
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Princeton University（普林斯顿大学电气与计算机工程系）；Department of Computer Science, Princeton University（普林斯顿大学计算机科学系）；Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Michigan（密歇根大学计算机科学与工程系）；Department of Data Science & Engineering, University of Michigan（密歇根大学数据科学与工程系）；Department of Philosophy, Columbia University（哥伦比亚大学哲学系）；AI Lab, Princeton University（普林斯顿大学人工智能实验室）；Chen Frontier Lab for Al and Mental Health, Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute（天桥及克里斯西·陈研究所人工智能与心理健康前沿实验室）；Theta Health Inc.（Theta健康公司）
Guiding Language Models to Be More Empathetic: Culturally Sensitive Mental Health Advice Generation Through Human-LLM Collaboration
Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology（阿山努拉科技大学）；Bangladesh University of Business and Technology（孟加拉国商业与技术大学）；The University of New South Wales（新南威尔士大学）；Jashore University of Science and Technology（贾绍尔科技大学）；American International University - Bangladesh（孟加拉国美国国际大学）
University College Dublin（都柏林大学学院）；Swansea University（斯旺西大学）
Through proliferation on smartphones and smart speakers, intelligent personal assistants (IPAs) have made speech a common interaction modality. Yet, due to linguistic coverage and varying levels of functionality, many speakers engage with IPAs using a non-native language. This may impact the mental workload and pattern of language production displayed by non-native speakers. We present a mixed-design experiment, wherein native (L1) and non-native (L2) English speakers completed tasks with IPAs through smartphones and smart speakers. We found significantly higher mental workload for L2 speakers…
MHSafeEval: Role-Aware Interaction-Level Evaluation of Mental Health Safety in Large Language Models
Department of Artificial Intelligence, Hanyang University（翰艺大学人工智能系）；School of Computing and Information Systems, Singapore Management University（新加坡国立管理学院信息系）
Understanding narrative text requires capturing characters' motivations, goals, and mental states. This paper proposes an Entity-based Narrative Graph (ENG) to model the internal-states of characters in a story. We explicitly model entities, their interactions and the context in which they appear, and learn rich representations for them. We experiment with different task-adaptive pre-training objectives, in-domain training, and symbolic inference to capture dependencies between different decisions in the output space. We evaluate our model on two narrative understanding tasks: predicting chara…
Pattern Recognition Center, WeChat AI, Tencent Inc（腾讯公司微信人工智能模式识别中心）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）
Previous researches on dialogue system assessment usually focus on the quality evaluation (e.g. fluency, relevance, etc) of responses generated by the chatbots, which are local and technical metrics. For a chatbot which responds to millions of online users including minors, we argue that it should have a healthy mental tendency in order to avoid the negative psychological impact on them. In this paper, we establish several mental health assessment dimensions for chatbots (depression, anxiety, alcohol addiction, empathy) and introduce the questionnaire-based mental health assessment methods. We…
Auditing Framing-Sensitive Behavioral Instability in Large Language Models for Mental Health Interactions
a School of computer science, digital engineering and AI, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA（a 计算科学与数字工程及人工智能学院，罗格斯大学，布鲁克林，纽约，美国）；b Department of Psychology, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA（b 心理学系，罗格斯大学，布鲁克林，纽约，美国）
Institute for Complex Systems Simulation, University of Southampton（南安普顿大学复杂系统模拟研究所）；Fondazione Bruno Kessler（布鲁诺·凯斯勒基金会）；Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Kansas（堪萨斯大学电气工程与计算机科学系）；School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Universitat Rovira i Virgili（罗维拉-威尔吉利大学计算机科学与数学学院）
Word similarities affect language acquisition and use in a multi-relational way barely accounted for in the literature. We propose a multiplex network representation of this mental lexicon of word similarities as a natural framework for investigating large-scale cognitive patterns. Our representation accounts for semantic, taxonomic, and phonological interactions and it identifies a cluster of words which are used with greater frequency, are identified, memorised, and learned more easily, and have more meanings than expected at random. This cluster emerges around age 7 through an explosive tra…
