力分布中的非高斯尾：弹性物体主介质中相关无序的标志
Non-Gaussian tail in the force distribution: A hallmark of correlated disorder in the host media of elastic objects
摘要：
推断弹性物体成核的介质中的无序性质对许多应用至关重要，但仍然是一个具有挑战性的基础科学问题。在这里，我们提出了一种方法来辨别是否薄弱点或强相关的障碍占主导地位的基础上表征的分布映射在大视场中的对象之间的相互作用力。我们说明了我们的建议与案例研究系统的涡旋结构成核的II型超导体具有不同的钉扎景观。相互作用力分布计算从个别涡的位置成像在数千涡的视野中的两个数量级的宽的涡密度范围。在点无序介质中形成的涡结构的相互作用力分量呈高斯分布。相反，如果介质具有稀释和随机分布的相关无序，则这些分布对于大的力幅度呈现非高斯代数衰减的尾部。我们建议，检测到这种偏离高斯行为是一个指纹的强无序，在我们的情况下，起源于相关钉扎中心的稀释分布。
英文摘要：
Inferring the nature of disorder in the media where elastic objects are nucleated is of crucial importance for many applications but remains a challenging basic-science problem. Here we propose a method to discern whether weak-point or strong-correlated disorder dominates based on characterizing the distribution of the interaction forces between objects mapped in large fields-of-view. We illustrate our proposal with the case-study system of vortex structures nucleated in type-II superconductors with different pinning landscapes. Interaction force distributions are computed from individual vortex positions imaged in thousands-vortices fields-of-view in a two-orders-of-magnitude-wide vortex-density range. Vortex structures nucleated in point-disordered media present Gaussian distributions of the interaction force components. In contrast, if the media have dilute and randomly-distributed correlated disorder, these distributions present non-Gaussian algebraically-decaying tails for large force magnitudes. We propose that detecting this deviation from the Gaussian behavior is a fingerprint of strong disorder, in our case originated from a dilute distribution of correlated pinning centers.
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