博士在物理学中，这是一场跨栏比赛，而女性的“玻璃跨栏”
Ph.D. in physics as a hurdle race, and the "glass hurdles" for women
摘要：
在他们走向物理学学术生涯的路上，博士。学生要克服多方面的困难。除了智力挑战，还有心理、社会和经济障碍。我们研究了物理学博士所经历的困难。在以色列各大学中，妇女和儿童权利委员会正在对以色列大学的学生进行培训，并特别关注与性别有关的问题。在对妇女比对男子更重要的障碍中-我们称之为“玻璃障碍”-我们发现与性别有关的歧视、性骚扰、生理和心理健康问题以及与怀孕和生育有关的挑战。我们提出了一些建议，以应对和消除这些障碍，为女性物理学家提供平等的成功机会。
英文摘要：
On their way to an academic career in physics, Ph.D. students have to overcome difficulties at many levels. Beyond the intellectual challenge, there are also psychological, social and economic barriers. We studied the difficulties experienced by physics Ph.D. students in the Israeli universities, with special attention to gender-related issues. Among the hurdles that are much more significant for women than for men -- that we call ``the glass hurdles" -- we find gender-related discrimination, sexual harassment, physiological and psychological health issues, and challenges related to pregnancy and parenthood. We make recommendations for ways to confront and remove these barriers in order to provide female physicists with an equal opportunity to succeed.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
