颜色匹配函数的统计性质
Statistical properties of color matching functions
摘要：
在三色视者中，色觉需要将无限维空间（包含所有可能的电磁功率谱的空间）投影到三维空间上，从而调节三种类型的视锥细胞的活动。这种维数的急剧减少引起了同色异谱，即两个不同光谱之间的感知色度等效。同色异谱的等价类是通过颜色匹配实验来揭示的，在该实验中，观察者调整三个预设波长的三个单色光束（原色）的强度，以产生在感知上等于给定单色目标刺激的混合物。在这里，我们使用的颜色匹配函数和每种类型的锥的吸收概率之间的线性关系，以找到特别有用的三原色。作为第二个目标，我们还得到了一个分析描述的审判审判的变异性和相关性的颜色匹配功能的泊松噪声光子捕获。我们分析了颜色匹配实验的响应的统计特性如何随视网膜组成和峰值吸收概率的波长而变化，并将其与先前获得的受试者间变异性的实验数据进行比较。
英文摘要：
In trichromats, color vision entails the projection of an infinite-dimensional space (the one containing all possible electromagnetic power spectra) onto the 3-dimensional space that modulates the activity of the three types of cones. This drastic reduction in dimensionality gives rise to metamerism, that is, the perceptual chromatic equivalence between two different light spectra. The classes of equivalence of metamerism are revealed by color-matching experiments, in which observers adjust the intensity of three monochromatic light beams of three pre-set wavelengths (the primaries) to produce a mixture that is perceptually equal to a given monochromatic target stimulus. Here we use the linear relation between the color matching functions and the absorption probabilities of each type of cone to find particularly useful triplets of primaries. As a second goal, we also derive an analytical description of the trial-to-trial variability and the correlations of color matching functions stemming from Poissonian noise in photon capture. We analyze how the statistical properties of the responses to color-matching experiments vary with the retinal composition and the wavelengths of peak absorption probability, and compare them with experimental data on subject-to-subject variability obtained previously.
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