用于经颅磁刺激的具有增强的绕组安装的双容纳线圈，其具有降低的声学噪声
Double-containment coil with enhanced winding mounting for transcranial magnetic stimulation with reduced acoustic noise
摘要：
目的：降低经颅磁刺激线圈的噪声水平。TMS需要高电流（几千安培）脉冲通过线圈，这会产生一个响亮的声脉冲，其峰值声压级（SPL）可能超过130 dB（Z）。这种声音会对听力造成威胁，并激发大脑听觉回路中不必要的神经激活。研究方法：我们提出了一种新的双遏制线圈与增强绕组安装（DCC），它利用声阻抗失配包含和消散在一个气密的外壳内的脉冲声。线圈绕组封装在刚性块中，刚性块通过其在脉冲期间受到最小振动的声学节点安装到外壳。绕组块的其余部分通过气隙与壳体隔离，并且声音被壳体内的泡沫吸收。绕组中心下的外壳厚度被最小化以最大化线圈电场输出。结果如下：与市售8字形TMS线圈相比，DCC原型在匹配刺激强度下的SPL低10-33 dB（Z），同时提供的最大刺激强度比同等局灶性市售线圈高22%。结论：DCC设计大大降低了TMS的声学噪声，同时增加了可实现的刺激强度。意义：我们的线圈设计的声学降噪效果与典型听力保护装置相当。这种线圈设计方法可以提高听力安全性，减少大脑中的听觉共激活和TMS声音的其他有害影响。
英文摘要：
Objective: This work aims to reduce the acoustic noise level of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) coils. TMS requires high currents (several thousand amperes) to be pulsed through the coil, which generates a loud acoustic impulse whose peak sound pressure level (SPL) can exceed 130 dB(Z). This sound poses a risk to hearing and elicits unwanted neural activation of auditory brain circuits. Methods: We propose a new double-containment coil with enhanced winding mounting (DCC), which utilizes acoustic impedance mismatch to contain and dissipate the impulsive sound within an air-tight outer casing. The coil winding is potted in a rigid block, which is mounted to the outer casing by its acoustic nodes that are subject to minimum vibration during the pulse. The rest of the winding block is isolated from the casing by an air gap, and sound is absorbed by foam within the casing. The casing thickness under the winding center is minimized to maximize the coil electric field output. Results: Compared to commercial figure-of-eight TMS coils, the DCC prototype has 10-33 dB(Z) lower SPL at matched stimulation strength, whilst providing 22% higher maximum stimulation strength than equally focal commercial coils. Conclusion: The DCC design greatly reduces the acoustic noise of TMS while increasing the achievable stimulation strength. Significance: The acoustic noise reduction from our coil design is comparable to that provided by typical hearing protection devices. This coil design approach can enhance hearing safety and reduce auditory co-activations in the brain and other detrimental effects of TMS sound.
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