相对论电子产生的相干单极切伦科夫和衍射辐射
Coherent Unipolar Cherenkov and Diffraction Radiation Generated by Relativistic Electrons
摘要：
对于通常的辐射，电场强度随时间的积分为零。本文[EG.Bessonov.苏联科学院列别捷夫物理研究所预印本第76号，莫斯科，1990年]。根据这项工作，单极辐射是电场强度随时间的积分与零显著不同的辐射。进一步的一些理论文章已经致力于这个问题，主要是关于同步辐射。然而，到目前为止，还没有实验研究这种现象。本文介绍了毫米波段相对论电子产生的单极切伦科夫辐射和衍射辐射的实验观测结果。为此目的，对电场强度的所选方向敏感的检测器已经被详细阐述。我们观察到电子束在靶附近运动时的相干切伦科夫辐射和后向衍射辐射。部分单极效应已登记的切伦科夫辐射和几乎完全单极已被观察到的向后衍射辐射。
英文摘要：
For usual radiation the integral of the electric field strength over the time is zero. First time the possibility of unipolar radiation generation has been considered theoretically in the paper [EG.Bessonov. Preprint No 76 of the Lebedev Physical Institute of the Academy of Science of the USSR, Moscow, 1990]. According to this work the unipolar radiation is radiation for which the integral of the electric field strength over the time differs significantly from zero. Futher a number of theoretical articles have been devoted to this problem mainly in respect to a synchrotron radiation. However up to now there are no experimental investigations of this phenomenon. In this paper we present the results of experimental observation of the unipolar Cherenkov and diffraction radiation generated by relativistic electrons in millimeter wavelength region. For this purpose the detector sensitive to the selected direction of the electric field strength has been elaborated. We observed the coherent Cherenkov radiation and backward diffraction radiation of bunched electron beam when the electrons moving near the targets. The partial unipolarity effect has been registered for the Cherenkov radiation and the almost full unipolarity has been observed for the backward diffraction radiation.
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