Short story of stratospheric and ground-based observations of solar photosphere with high angular resolution in the 70s of the XX century at the Pulkovo Observatory

英文摘要：

In the 70s of the last century, the stratospheric solar observatory "Saturn" with a 100cm telescope was launched at Pulkovo Observatory. The photographs and spectra obtained on it for more than 45 years remained record-breaking in angular resolution. Then, for ground-based observations of Sun fine structure in Pamir at an altitude of 4.5 km, a 50 cm open-type Pulkovo mobile telescope was installed. Photographs and spectra obtained with the Saturn telescope for the visible range were an important step in the development of high spatial resolution technologies in heliophysics. However, to date, the details of these studies remain unknown to the global scientific community. In this paper, an attempt is made to partially fill this gap.