减少EEE实验的MRPC阵列对环境影响的策略
Strategies to reduce the environmental impact in the MRPC array of the EEE experiment
摘要：
极端能量事件（Extreme Energy Events，简称EEE）计划采用多间隙电阻板室（Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chamber，简称MRPC）研究扩展空气簇射中的次级宇宙线μ子。该阵列由大约60个跟踪探测器组成，分布在意大利领土和CERN。MRPC流动有基于$C_2H_2F_4$和$SF_6$的气体混合物，这两种气体都是对大气具有高环境影响的氟化温室气体。由于欧洲联盟的限制，这些气体正在逐步停止生产，其成本大幅增加。为了控制成本和减少实验对全球变暖的影响，该公司开始了一项减少其阵列气体排放的运动。一种方法是降低每个气体检测器中的气体速率。另一个是开发一个气体再循环系统，其第一个原型已经安装在位于欧洲核子研究中心的一个实验站。共同的一个平行的策略是集中在寻找环境友好的气体混合物，能够取代标准混合物，而不影响MRPC的性能。这里介绍了概述和初步结果。
英文摘要：
The Extreme Energy Events (EEE) Project employs Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chamber (MRPC) for studying the secondary cosmic ray muons in Extensive Air Showers. The array consists of about 60 tracking detectors, sparse on Italian territory and at CERN. The MRPCs are flowed with a gas mixture based on $C_2H_2F_4$ and $SF_6$, both of which are fluorinated greenhouse gases with a high environmental impact on the atmosphere. Due to the restrictions imposed by the European Union, these gases are being phased out of production and their cost is largely increasing. The EEE Collaboration started a campaign to reduce the gas emission from its array with the aim of containing costs and decreasing the experiment global warming impact. One method is to reduce the gas rate in each EEE detector. Another is to develop a gas recirculation system, whose a first prototype has been installed at one of the EEE stations located at CERN. Jointly a parallel strategy is focused on searching for environmental friendly gas mixtures which are able to substitute the standard mixture without affecting the MRPC performance. An overview and first results are presented here.
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