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arXiv 2006.16745cs.LGcs.AIcs.CYstat.ML
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机器学习公平性概念:弥合与现实世界应用程序的差距

Machine learning fairness notions: Bridging the gap with real-world applications

Université du Québec à Montréal(魁北克大学蒙特利尔分校);Higher Colleges of Technology(高等技术学院);Inria(法国国家信息与自动化研究所);Ecole Polytechnique(巴黎综合理工学院);IPP(巴黎理工学院)

Karima Makhlouf, Sami Zhioua, Catuscia Palamidessi

摘要:

公平性是保证机器学习(ML)预测系统不歧视特定个人或整个亚群体(特别是少数群体)的重要要求。鉴于看待公平概念固有的主观性,文献中引入了几个公平概念。本文是一份调查,通过大量的例子和场景来说明公平概念之间的微妙之处。此外,与文献中的其他调查不同,它解决了这样一个问题:哪种公平概念最适合给定的现实世界场景,为什么?我们试图回答这个问题包括:(1)识别现实世界场景中与公平相关的特征集,(2)分析每个公平概念的行为,然后(3)拟合这两个元素,以在每个特定设置中推荐最合适的公平概念。结果总结在一个决策图中,从业者和政策制定者可以使用该图来浏览相对较大的ML目录。

英文摘要:

Fairness emerged as an important requirement to guarantee that Machine Learning (ML) predictive systems do not discriminate against specific individuals or entire sub-populations, in particular, minorities. Given the inherent subjectivity of viewing the concept of fairness, several notions of fairness have been introduced in the literature. This paper is a survey that illustrates the subtleties between fairness notions through a large number of examples and scenarios. In addition, unlike other surveys in the literature, it addresses the question of: which notion of fairness is most suited to a given real-world scenario and why? Our attempt to answer this question consists in (1) identifying the set of fairness-related characteristics of the real-world scenario at hand, (2) analyzing the behavior of each fairness notion, and then (3) fitting these two elements to recommend the most suitable fairness notion in every specific setup. The results are summarized in a decision diagram that can be used by practitioners and policymakers to navigate the relatively large catalog of ML.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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