Kuramoto模型揭示的生态系统结构的新形式
New forms of structure in ecosystems revealed with the Kuramoto model
摘要：
正如人们经常指出的那样，生态系统是复杂的。同样值得注意的是，复杂系统往往是振荡的，无论是惠更斯简单模式的钟摆夹带或扭曲的混沌轨道的洛伦兹对流卷。因此，振荡器的分析可以提供对生态系统结构的洞察。其中最流行的分析工具，这样的研究是仓本模型的耦合振荡器。使用一个良好的研究系统的害虫和他们的敌人在农业生态系统中，我们应用这个模型作为一个程式化的视觉动态的真实系统，问它的实际自然历史是否反映在定性实例仓本模型的动态。从模型中出现的是一系列的同步组通常对应于自然系统的子网络，与叠加的嵌合结构，这取决于振荡器间耦合的强度。我们的结论是，仓本模型提供了一个新的窗口，通过它有趣的问题，生态系统的结构可能会出现。
英文摘要：
Ecological systems, as is often noted, are complex. Equally notable is the generalization that complex systems tend to be oscillatory, whether Huygens simple patterns of pendulum entrainment or the twisted chaotic orbits of Lorenz convection rolls. The analytics of oscillators may thus provide insight into the structure of ecological systems. One of the most popular analytical tools for such study is the Kuramoto model of coupled oscillators. Using a well-studied system of pests and their enemies in an agroecosystem, we apply this model as a stylized vision of the dynamics of that real system, to ask whether its actual natural history is reflected in the dynamics of the qualitatively instantiated Kuramoto model. Emerging from the model is a series of synchrony groups generally corresponding to subnetworks of the natural system, with an overlying chimeric structure, depending on the strength of the inter-oscillator coupling. We conclude that the Kuramoto model presents a novel window through which interesting questions about the structure of ecological systems may emerge.
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