能量均分定义液体剥离纳米片的尺寸-厚度关系
Equipartition of Energy Defines the Size-Thickness Relationship in Liquid-Exfoliated Nanosheets
摘要：
液相剥离是从一系列层状晶体生产2D纳米片的常用方法。然而，这样的纳米片显示宽的尺寸和厚度分布以及面积和厚度之间的相关性，这些问题限制了纳米片的应用潜力。为了了解控制剥离过程的因素，我们对11种不同的层状材料进行了液体剥离，在使用AFM测量每个部分的纳米片长度，宽度和厚度分布之前，将每个材料选择为小部分。所得的数据显示了一个明确的幂律缩放的纳米片面积与厚度的每种材料。我们已经开发了一个简单的基于非平衡动力学的模型，预测幂律前因子与面内撕裂/面外剥离能量和面内/面外模量的比值成比例。通过将实验数据与第一性原理计算的模量比进行比较，我们发现实验与理论之间有很好的一致性。这支持了我们的假设，即在超声辅助剥离过程中，纳米片撕裂和剥离之间存在能量均分。
英文摘要：
Liquid phase exfoliation is a commonly used method to produce 2D nanosheets from a range of layered crystals. However, such nanosheets display broad size and thickness distributions and correlations between area and thickness, issues that limit nanosheet application potential. To understand the factors controlling the exfoliation process, we have liquid-exfoliated 11 different layered materials, size-selecting each into fractions before using AFM to measure the nanosheet length, width, and thickness distributions for each fraction. The resultant data show a clear power-law scaling of nanosheet area with thickness for each material. We have developed a simple nonequilibrium thermodynamics-based model predicting that the power-law prefactor is proportional to both the ratios of in-plane-tearing/out-of-plane-peeling energies and in-plane/out-of-plane moduli. By comparing the experimental data with the modulus ratio calculated from first-principles, we find close agreement between experiment and theory. This supports our hypothesis that energy equipartition holds between nanosheet tearing and peeling during sonication-assisted exfoliation.
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