In this paper, we study the inference of gender, major/minor (computer science, non-computer science), typing style, age, and height from the typing patterns collected from 117 individuals in a multi-device environment. The inference of the first three identifiers was considered as classification tasks, while the rest as regression tasks. For classification tasks, we benchmark the performance of six classical machine learning (ML) and four deep learning (DL) classifiers. On the other hand, for regression tasks, we evaluated three ML and four DL-based regressors. The overall experiment consisted of two text-entry (free and fixed) and four device (Desktop, Tablet, Phone, and Combined) configurations. The best arrangements achieved accuracies of 96.15%, 93.02%, and 87.80% for typing style, gender, and major/minor, respectively, and mean absolute errors of 1.77 years and 2.65 inches for age and height, respectively. The results are promising considering the variety of application scenarios that we have listed in this work.
Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)（挪威科技大学）；Idiap Research Institute（Idiap研究所）；IDEMIA（IDEMIA公司）
Biometric-based verification is widely employed on the smartphones for various applications, including financial transactions. In this work, we present a new multimodal biometric dataset (face, voice, and periocular) acquired using a smartphone. The new dataset is comprised of 150 subjects that are captured in six different sessions reflecting real-life scenarios of smartphone assisted authentication. One of the unique features of this dataset is that it is collected in four different geographic locations representing a diverse population and ethnicity. Additionally, we also present a multimod…
This paper explores the identification of smartphone users when certain samples collected while the subject felt happy, upset or stressed were absent or present. We employ data from 19 subjects using the StudentLife dataset, a dataset collected by researchers at Dartmouth College that was originally collected to correlate behaviors characterized by smartphone usage patterns with changes in stress and academic performance. Although many previous works on behavioral biometrics have implied that mood is a source of intra-person variation which may impact biometric performance, our results contrad…
In this paper we evaluate mobile active authentication based on an ensemble of biometrics and behavior-based profiling signals. We consider seven different data channels and their combination. Touch dynamics (touch gestures and keystroking), accelerometer, gyroscope, WiFi, GPS location and app usage are all collected during human-mobile interaction to authenticate the users. We evaluate two approaches: one-time authentication and active authentication. In one-time authentication, we employ the information of all channels available during one session. For active authentication we take advantage…
Soft biometric attributes such as gender, ethnicity or age may provide useful information for biometrics and forensics applications. Researchers used, e.g., face, gait, iris, and hand, etc. to classify such attributes. Even though hand has been widely studied for biometric recognition, relatively less attention has been given to soft biometrics from hand. Previous studies of soft biometrics based on hand images focused on gender and well-controlled imaging environment. In this paper, the gender and ethnicity classification in uncontrolled environment are considered. Gender and ethnicity labels…
KAIST (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology)（韩国科学技术院）
Text-entry aims to provide an effective and efficient pathway for humans to deliver their messages to computers. With the advent of mobile computing, the recent focus of text-entry research has moved from physical keyboards to soft keyboards. Current soft keyboards, however, increase the typo rate due to lack of tactile feedback and degrade the usability of mobile devices due to their large portion on screens. To tackle these limitations, we propose a fully imaginary keyboard (I-Keyboard) with a deep neural decoder (DND). The invisibility of I-Keyboard maximizes the usability of mobile devices…
Cardiac patterns are being used to obtain hard-to-forge biometric signatures and have led to high accuracy in state-of-the-art (SoA) identification applications. However, this performance is obtained under controlled scenarios where cardiac signals maintain a relatively uniform pattern, facilitating the identification process. In this work, we analyze cardiac signals collected in more realistic (uncontrolled) scenarios and show that their high signal variability (i.e., irregularity) makes it harder to obtain stable and distinct user features. Furthermore, SoA usually fails to identify specific…
Michigan State University（密歇根州立大学）；Visa Research（Visa研究院）
We present our ongoing work on developing a system, called DashCam Pay, that enables in-vehicle payments in a seamless and secure manner using face and voice biometrics. A plug-and-play device (dashcam) mounted in the vehicle is used to capture face images and voice commands of passengers. Privacy-preserving biometric comparison techniques are used to compare the biometric data captured by the dashcam with the biometric data enrolled on the users' mobile devices over a wireless interface (e.g., Bluetooth or Wi-Fi Direct) to determine the payer. Once the payer is identified, payment is conducte…
Federal University of Paraná (UFPR)（巴拉那联邦大学（UFPR））；Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR)（巴拉那天主教大学（PUCPR））
Recently, ocular biometrics in unconstrained environments using images obtained at visible wavelength have gained the researchers' attention, especially with images captured by mobile devices. Periocular recognition has been demonstrated to be an alternative when the iris trait is not available due to occlusions or low image resolution. However, the periocular trait does not have the high uniqueness presented in the iris trait. Thus, the use of datasets containing many subjects is essential to assess biometric systems' capacity to extract discriminating information from the periocular region. …
The vulnerability against presentation attacks is a crucial problem undermining the wide-deployment of face recognition systems. Though presentation attack detection (PAD) systems try to address this problem, the lack of generalization and robustness continues to be a major concern. Several works have shown that using multi-channel PAD systems could alleviate this vulnerability and result in more robust systems. However, there is a wide selection of channels available for a PAD system such as RGB, Near Infrared, Shortwave Infrared, Depth, and Thermal sensors. Having a lot of sensors increases …
Michigan State University（密歇根州立大学）；University of Wisconsin – Madison（威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校）
Recent research has established the possibility of deducing soft-biometric attributes such as age, gender and race from an individual's face image with high accuracy. However, this raises privacy concerns, especially when face images collected for biometric recognition purposes are used for attribute analysis without the person's consent. To address this problem, we develop a technique for imparting soft biometric privacy to face images via an image perturbation methodology. The image perturbation is undertaken using a GAN-based Semi-Adversarial Network (SAN) - referred to as PrivacyNet - that…
School of Computing, Wichita State University（威奇托州立大学计算机学院）；School of Computing, University of Missouri, Kansas City（密苏里大学堪萨斯城分校计算机学院）
With significant advances in deep learning, many computer vision applications have reached the inflection point. However, these deep learning models need large amount of labeled data for model training and optimum parameter estimation. Limited labeled data for model training results in over-fitting and impacts their generalization performance. However, the collection and annotation of large amount of data is a very time consuming and expensive operation. Further, due to privacy and security concerns, the large amount of labeled data could not be collected for certain applications such as those…
We are in the era of data analytics and data science which is on full bloom. There is abundance of all kinds of data for example biometrics based data, satellite images data, chip-seq data, social network data, sensor based data etc. from a variety of sources. This data abundance is the result of the fact that storage cost is getting cheaper day by day, so people as well as almost all business or scientific organizations are storing more and more data. Most of the real data is multi-dimensional, non-uniform, and big in size, such that it requires a unique pre-processing before analyzing it. In…
Impact of Iris Pigmentation on Performance Bias in Visible Iris Verification Systems: A Comparative Study
Indian Institute of Technology Mandi（印度曼迪理工学院）；Technology Innovation Hub, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi（印度曼迪理工学院技术创新中心）；Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)（挪威科技大学）
Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani（皮拉尼比尔拉理工学院）
This paper proposes teeth-photo, a new biometric modality for human authentication on mobile and hand held devices. Biometrics samples are acquired using the camera mounted on mobile device with the help of a mobile application having specific markers to register the teeth area. Region of interest (RoI) is then extracted using the markers and the obtained sample is enhanced using contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) for better visual clarity. We propose a deep learning architecture and novel regularization scheme to obtain highly discriminative embedding for small size RoI.…
Multimodal biometric identification has been grown a great attention in the most interests in the security fields. In the real world there exist modern system devices that are able to detect, recognize, and classify the human identities with reliable and fast recognition rates. Unfortunately most of these systems rely on one modality, and the reliability for two or more modalities are further decreased. The variations of face images with respect to different poses are considered as one of the important challenges in face recognition systems. In this paper, we propose a multimodal biometric sys…
Human gait is one of important biometric characteristics for human identification at a distance. In practice, occlusion usually occurs and seriously affects accuracy of gait recognition. However, there is no available database to support in-depth research of this problem, and state-of-arts gait recognition methods have not paid enough attention to it, thus this paper focuses on gait recognition under occlusion. We collect a new gait recognition database called OG RGB+D database, which breaks through the limitation of other gait databases and includes multimodal gait data of various occlusions …
Whole-body-based human authentication is a promising approach for remote biometrics scenarios. Current literature focuses on either body recognition based on RGB images or gait recognition based on body shapes and walking patterns; both have their advantages and drawbacks. In this work, we propose Dual-Modal Ensemble (DME), which combines both RGB and silhouette data to achieve more robust performances for indoor and outdoor whole-body based recognition. Within DME, we propose GaitPattern, which is inspired by the double helical gait pattern used in traditional gait analysis. The GaitPattern c…
INSA-Lyon（里昂国立应用科学学院）；Université de Lyon（里昂大学）；CNRS（法国国家科学研究中心）；University of Guelph（圭尔夫大学）；MIT（麻省理工学院）；Google（谷歌）
We present a large-scale study exploring the capability of temporal deep neural networks to interpret natural human kinematics and introduce the first method for active biometric authentication with mobile inertial sensors. At Google, we have created a first-of-its-kind dataset of human movements, passively collected by 1500 volunteers using their smartphones daily over several months. We (1) compare several neural architectures for efficient learning of temporal multi-modal data representations, (2) propose an optimized shift-invariant dense convolutional mechanism (DCWRNN), and (3) incorpora…
