CosTuuM：磁取向球状颗粒的极化热尘埃发射
CosTuuM: polarized thermal dust emission by magnetically oriented spheroidal grains
摘要：
我们提出了新的开源C++为基础的Python库CosTuuM，可用于生成红外吸收和发射系数的任意混合物的球状尘埃颗粒（部分）对齐的磁场。我们概述了该软件的算法，证明了我们的结果的准确性，使用基准从文献中，并使用我们的工具来调查一些常用的近似配方。我们发现，部分对齐的尘埃颗粒混合物的线性偏振分数可以准确地表示由一个适当的线性组合的完全对齐的颗粒和颗粒是随机取向的，但常用的栅栏对齐故障短波长。我们还发现，对于一个固定的尘埃颗粒尺寸，吸收系数和线性偏振分数的实际混合物的颗粒具有各种形状不能都准确地表示由一个单一的代表性的颗粒具有固定的形状，而是一个平均超过一个适当的形状分布应使用。适当的形状分布的知识不足是在获得准确的光学性能的主要障碍。CosTuuM是一个独立的Python库，可用于生成辐射转移应用中使用的光学特性。
英文摘要：
We present the new open source C++-based Python library CosTuuM that can be used to generate infrared absorption and emission coefficients for arbitrary mixtures of spheroidal dust grains that are (partially) aligned with a magnetic field. We outline the algorithms underlying the software, demonstrate the accuracy of our results using benchmarks from literature, and use our tool to investigate some commonly used approximative recipes. We find that the linear polarization fraction for a partially aligned dust grain mixture can be accurately represented by an appropriate linear combination of perfectly aligned grains and grains that are randomly oriented, but that the commonly used picket fence alignment breaks down for short wavelengths. We also find that for a fixed dust grain size, the absorption coefficients and linear polarization fraction for a realistic mixture of grains with various shapes cannot both be accurately represented by a single representative grain with a fixed shape, but that instead an average over an appropriate shape distribution should be used. Insufficient knowledge of an appropriate shape distribution is the main obstacle in obtaining accurate optical properties. CosTuuM is available as a standalone Python library and can be used to generate optical properties to be used in radiative transfer applications.
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