利用高次谐波产生光谱显示动量空间中的二维跃迁偶极矩织构
Visualization of two-dimensional transition dipole moment texture in momentum space using high-harmonic generation spectroscopy
摘要：
高度非线性光学现象可以提供对电子系统的性质的访问，否则难以通过传统的线性光学光谱来访问。特别是，高次谐波产生（HHG）在结晶固体中是惊人的不同，在原子气体中，它使我们能够访问电子特性，如能带结构，贝里曲率，和价电子密度。在这里，我们表明，偏振分辨高次谐波测量可以用来探测在二维半导体动量空间中的跃迁偶极矩（TDM）纹理。TDM与电子系统的内部结构直接相关，并控制光学性质。我们研究了黑磷中的高次谐波，它提供了一个简单的两带系统，带隙共振激发。我们观察到一个独特的晶体取向依赖的HHG产量和偏振，并成功地重建TDM纹理相关的原子间的键合结构。我们的研究结果表明高次谐波光谱探测晶体中的电子波函数的潜力。
英文摘要：
Highly nonlinear optical phenomena can provide access to properties of electronic systems which are otherwise difficult to access through conventional linear optical spectroscopies. In particular, high harmonic generation (HHG) in crystalline solids is strikingly different from that in atomic gases, and it enables us to access electronic properties such as the band structure, Berry curvature, and valence electron density. Here, we show that polarization-resolved HHG measurements can be used to probe the transition dipole moment (TDM) texture in momentum space in two dimensional semiconductors. TDM is directly related to the internal structure of the electronic system and governs the optical properties. We study HHG in black phosphorus, which offers a simple two-band system, with bandgap resonant excitation. We observed a unique crystal-orientation dependence of the HHG yields and polarizations and succeeded in reconstructing the TDM texture related to the inter-atomic bonding structure. Our results demonstrate the potential of high harmonic spectroscopy for probing electronic wavefunctions in crystalline solids.
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