费米子玻色子星的动力学形成和稳定性
Dynamical formation and stability of fermion-boson stars
摘要：
由费米子和标量粒子组成的引力束缚结构称为费米子-玻色子星，是通过求解耦合的Einstein-Klein-Gordon-Euler（EKGE）系统得到的规则静态构型。在这项工作中，我们讨论了一种可能的情况下，通过这些费米子玻色子星可能形成的球对称的简化假设下，通过数值求解EKGE系统。我们的初始配置假设一个已经存在的中子星周围的吸积云的质量和复杂的标量场。我们的模拟结果表明，一旦初始的标量场的一部分被驱逐通过引力冷却系统逐渐振荡周围的平衡配置是渐近一致的静态解决方案的系统。在标量场势的自相互作用项中，当耦合常数为大正值时，费米子玻色子星的形成揭示了在标量场中存在一个节点。这表明，费米子核可能有助于稳定玻色子扇区中节点的配置，就像基态和第一激发态共存的纯玻色子星一样。
英文摘要：
Gravitationally bound structures composed by fermions and scalar particles known as fermion-boson stars are regular and static configurations obtained by solving the coupled Einstein-Klein-Gordon-Euler (EKGE) system. In this work, we discuss one possible scenario through which these fermion-boson stars may form by solving numerically the EKGE system under the simplifying assumption of spherical symmetry. Our initial configurations assume an already existing neutron star surrounded by an accreting cloud of a massive and complex scalar field. The results of our simulations show that once part of the initial scalar field is expelled via gravitational cooling the system gradually oscillates around an equilibrium configuration that is asymptotically consistent with a static solution of the system. The formation of fermion-boson stars for large positive values of the coupling constant in the self-interaction term of the scalar-field potential reveal the presence of a node in the scalar field. This suggests that a fermionic core may help stabilize configurations with nodes in the bosonic sector, as happens for purely boson stars in which the ground state and the first excited state coexist.
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