词汇排序和赫希指数在政治语篇中的核心识别
Words ranking and Hirsch index for identifying the core of the hapaxes in political texts
摘要：
本文对官方政治演讲的内容进行了定量分析。我们研究了从华盛顿到特朗普的美国总统发表的大约一千次谈话。特别是，我们搜索的相关性的罕见的话，即那些只说一次，在每个演讲-所谓的hapaxes。我们实现了Zipf-Mandelbrot类型的秩大小过程，用于讨论整个语音集上的hapaxes频率规律性。从获得的秩大小法，我们定义和检测的hapaxes集的核心通过一个程序的基础上的赫希指数的变体。我们根据美国总统的演讲来讨论由此产生的词汇表。我们进一步表明，这一核心hapaxes本身可以很好地拟合通过Zipf-Mandelbrot法，并包含元素生产偏差之间的散点图和拟合曲线-所谓的国王和副罗伊效应的低秩。一些社会政治的见解来自于对美国总统的信息所获得的调查结果。
英文摘要：
This paper deals with a quantitative analysis of the content of official political speeches. We study a set of about one thousand talks pronounced by the US Presidents, ranging from Washington to Trump. In particular, we search for the relevance of the rare words, i.e. those said only once in each speech -- the so-called hapaxes. We implement a rank-size procedure of Zipf-Mandelbrot type for discussing the hapaxes' frequencies regularity over the overall set of speeches. Starting from the obtained rank-size law, we define and detect the core of the hapaxes set by means of a procedure based on an Hirsch index variant. We discuss the resulting list of words in the light of the overall US Presidents' speeches. We further show that this core of hapaxes itself can be well fitted through a Zipf-Mandelbrot law and that contains elements producing deviations at the low ranks between scatter plots and fitted curve -- the so-called king and vice-roy effect. Some socio-political insights are derived from the obtained findings about the US Presidents messages.
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