海峡中的类Laser波放大
Laser-Like Waves Amplification in Straits
摘要：
本文以垂直于海岸线的恒定风作用下的深水海峡为例，研究了非均匀情况下海面风浪的激发。所用的统计波浪模型是基于Hasselmann方程，具有高波数的波浪破碎耗散、精确的非线性四波相互作用和ZRP风输入项。在第一阶段，波在风向以阶梯状的移动前锋方式传播，这是Hasselmann方程的自相似取数限制和持续时间限制解的组合。当足够量的波浪能集中在来波海岸线时，第二阶段进一步开始。从那时开始，非线性波相互作用开始形成波群，在风中逆着风传播。尽管不存在长波耗散，系统仍渐进地演化为复杂的准定常状态，包括在风向上的自相似“风海”和准单色波，这些波与风接近正交地辐射，同时随着朝向波浪湍流起源海岸线的角度增加而略微逆着风向倾斜，在渐近状态下，由于存在准正交和逆风浪场，总波浪能比顺风传播的波海能大一倍。实验上观察到了与之非常相似的湍流结构，本文对这些结果进行了理论解释。建议将这种类激光辐射现象命名为非线性海浪放大器，简称NOWA。
英文摘要：
We present the research of ocean surface wind waves excitation in non-homogeneous situations, on the example of deep water strait in presence of the constant wind, blowing perpendicular to the coastal line. The used statistical wave model is based on Hasselmann equation with high-wavenumbers wave-breaking dissipation, exact nonlinear four-waves interaction and ZRP wind input term. At the first stage, the waves propagate in the wind direction in a step-like moving front manner, which is the combination of self-similar fetch-limited and duration-limited solutions of Hasselmann equation. The second stage begins further, when sufficient amount of wave energy is concentrated at the incoming waves shore line. Beginning with that time, the nonlinear wave interactions start formation of the wave groups, propagating across and against the wind. Despite the absence of long-wave dissipation, the system asymptotically evolves into complicated quasi-stationary state, comprising of the self-similar ``wind sea'' in the wind direction, and quasi-monochromatic waves, radiated close to orthogonally with respect to the wind, while slightly tilting counter the wind direction with the angle increasing toward the wave turbulence origination shore line, and reaching $15^{\circ}$ close to it. The total wave energy in the asymptotic state surpasses the wave sea energy propagating along the wind by two times due to the presence of quasi-orthogonal and counter the wind wave fields. The very similar turbulence structure was previously observed experimentally, this paper presents theoretical explanation of these results. It is suggested to name this laser-like radiation phenomenon by Nonlinear Ocean Waves Amplifier, simplified to the abbreviation NOWA.
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