arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2006.06219astro-ph.GAgr-qc
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对围绕Sgr A* 的暗质量分布的限制:轨道恒星光子红移的简单$χ^2$分析

Constraints on the dark mass distribution surrounding Sgr A*: simple $χ^2$ analysis for the redshift of photons from orbiting stars

Yohsuke Takamori, Shogo Nishiyama, Takayuki Ohgami, Hiromi Saida, Rio Saitou, Masaaki Takahashi

摘要:

人马座A*(Sgr A*)是银河系中质量为$\sim 4\times 10^6 M_{\odot}$的中央超大质量黑洞,恒星围绕它运行。2018年5月,距离人马座A* 最近的恒星之一S 0 -2/S2经历了近心通道。在近心通过期间,来自S 0 -2的光子的红移从$4000\>{\rm km\>s^{-1}}$变化到$-2000\>{\rm km\>s^{-1}}$,其在$0.5\>{\rm yr}$内。在本文中,我们表明,这种急剧变化的红移给出了一个强有力的约束暗质量分布内的轨道S 0 -2。通过对观测到的红移进行简单的$χ^2$分析,我们可以很容易地区分两种模型,即质点模型和质点加扩展质量模型,而无需进行最佳拟合参数搜索。我们在2018年用斯巴鲁/IRCS进行的近心点通过期间的红移数据将S 0 -2轨道内的扩展质量的量限制在小于Sgr A* 质量的$\sim 2 \times 10^4 M_\odot$($\sim 2 \times 10^4 M_\odot$)。通过我们简单的分析得到的这个约束与以前的作品相比,最适合的参数搜索到的运动S 0 -2,包括扩展质量的影响。我们考虑了幂律和Plummer模型的暗质量分布模型,但这些结果之间的显着差异是没有发现。

英文摘要:

Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) is the central supermassive black hole with the mass $\sim 4\times 10^6 M_{\odot}$ in the Milky Way and stars are orbiting around it. In May 2018, one of the nearest stars to Sgr A* named S0-2/S2 experienced the pericenter passage. The redshift of photons from S0-2 had varied from $4000\>{\rm km\>s^{-1}}$ to $-2000\>{\rm km\>s^{-1}}$ during the pericenter passage, which is within $0.5\>{\rm yr}$. In this paper, we show that this steep variation of the redshift gives a strong constraint on a dark mass distribution inside the orbit of S0-2. By applying a simple $χ^2$ analysis to the observed redshift, we can easily distinguish between the two models, the point mass model and the point mass plus an extended mass model without the best-fitting parameter search. Our redshift data during the pericenter passage in 2018 with Subaru/IRCS bound the amount of the extended mass inside the orbit of S0-2 less than $0.5\,\%$ ($\sim 2 \times 10^4 M_\odot$) of the mass of Sgr A*. This constraint obtained by our simple analysis is comparable to previous works with the best-fitting parameter search to the motion of S0-2 including the effect of the extended mass. We consider both the power-law and the Plummer models for the dark mass distribution model, but the significant difference between these results is not found.

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