低β α/质子束在空间等离子体中的电磁不稳定性
Electromagnetic instabilities of low-beta alpha/proton beams in space plasmas
摘要：
不同种类或粒子群之间的相对漂移是太阳等离子体流出的特征，例如，在太阳风、日冕物质抛射和行星际冲击的快速气流中。本文的特点的分散性和稳定性的低β α/质子漂移在没有任何固有的热各向异性，这通常是调用，以刺激各种不稳定性。这里推导的色散关系描述了不稳定性的全谱及其随传播角度和等离子体参数的变化。结果揭示了电磁质子回旋和α回旋模式的不稳定性之间的潜在竞争。对于特定于低β太阳风的条件，例如，在外日冕的低日心距离处，不稳定性作用于α回旋分支。的α回旋模式的增长率系统地刺激（平行）等离子体β和/或α-质子的温度比。因此，人们可以预期，即使在没有温度各向异性的情况下，这种不稳定性也会发展，有可能有助于对所观察到的α粒子漂移进行自洽调节。
英文摘要：
Relative drifts between different species or particle populations are characteristic to solar plasma outflows, e.g., in the fast streams of the solar winds, coronal mass ejections and interplanetary shocks. This paper characterizes the dispersion and stability of the low-beta alpha/proton drifts in the absence of any intrinsic thermal anisotropies, which are usually invoked in order to stimulate various instabilities. The dispersion relations derived here describe the full spectrum of instabilities and their variations with the angle of propagation and plasma parameters. The results unveil a potential competition between instabilities of the electromagnetic proton cyclotron and alpha cyclotron modes. For conditions specific to a low-beta solar wind, e.g., at low heliocentric distances in the outer corona, the instability operates on the alpha cyclotron branch. The growth rates of the alpha cyclotron mode are systematically stimulated by the (parallel) plasma beta and/or the alpha-proton temperature ratio. One can therefore expect that this instability develops even in the absence of temperature anisotropies, with potential to contribute to a self-consistent regulation of the observed drift of alpha particles.
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