从时间不对称到量子纠缠：休谟统一
From Time Asymmetry to Quantum Entanglement: The Humean Unification
摘要：
物理学基础中的两个最困难的问题是：（1）时间之箭的起源;（2）量子力学的本体论是什么。我提出了一个统一的“休谟”解决这两个问题。休谟主义允许我们将过去假说和统计公设合并到最佳系统中，然后我们用它来简化宇宙的量子态。这使我们能够赋予量子态法则性的地位，而不会给最好的系统增加显著的复杂性，并解决了过去假说的原始版本所面临的“附随类问题”。我们把这个结式理论称为休谟统一论。它为时间不对称性和量子纠缠提供了一个统一的解释。根据这个理论，时间之箭的产生也是量子现象的原因。新理论有一个可分离的马赛克，一个简单而明确的最佳体系，量子力学和狭义相对论之间的张力较小，理论和动力学的统一程度更高。休谟的统一导致了新的见解，对休谟和非休谟都有用。
英文摘要：
Two of the most difficult problems in the foundations of physics are (1) what gives rise to the arrow of time and (2) what the ontology of quantum mechanics is. I propose a unified 'Humean' solution to the two problems. Humeanism allows us to incorporate the Past Hypothesis and the Statistical Postulate into the best system, which we then use to simplify the quantum state of the universe. This enables us to confer the nomological status to the quantum state in a way that adds no significant complexity to the best system and solves the "supervenient-kind problem" facing the original version of the Past Hypothesis. We call the resultant theory the Humean unification. It provides a unified explanation of time asymmetry and quantum entanglement. On this theory, what gives rise to time's arrow is also responsible for quantum phenomena. The new theory has a separable mosaic, a best system that is simple and non-vague, less tension between quantum mechanics and special relativity, and a higher degree of theoretical and dynamical unity. The Humean unification leads to new insights that can be useful to Humeans and non-Humeans alike.
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