数字货币与经济危机：帮助各国应对
Digital Currency and Economic Crises: Helping States Respond
摘要：
在撰写本报告时，当前的危机对金融界产生了深远影响，需要采取创新办法，在微观和宏观层面振兴经济。在这份非正式的分析和设计提案中，我们描述了数字资产基础设施如何成为一种有用的货币和财政政策工具，并在未来（特别是在危机期间）成为现有工具的推动者，同时使金融技术创新的轨迹朝着更光明的未来发展。我们提出了一种数字货币的方法，允许没有银行关系的人进行电子和私人交易，包括互联网购买和需要无现金的销售点购买。我们还提出了一种数字货币的方法，可以实现更有效和透明的清算和结算，实施货币和财政政策，以及管理系统性风险。数字货币可以作为中央银行数字货币（CBDC）实施，也可以由政府发行，并由公共基金或财政部资产抵押。我们提议的架构允许这两种表现形式，并将由银行和其他货币服务企业在政府监管机构监督的框架内运营。我们认为，现在是采取行动发展这样一个系统的时候了，这不仅是因为当前的危机，而且是因为对地缘政治风险、数字经济的持续全球化以及技术带来的不断变化的价值和风险所导致的未来危机的预期。
英文摘要：
The current crisis, at the time of writing, has had a profound impact on the financial world, introducing the need for creative approaches to revitalising the economy at the micro level as well as the macro level. In this informal analysis and design proposal, we describe how infrastructure for digital assets can serve as a useful monetary and fiscal policy tool and an enabler of existing tools in the future, particularly during crises, while aligning the trajectory of financial technology innovation toward a brighter future. We propose an approach to digital currency that would allow people without banking relationships to transact electronically and privately, including both internet purchases and point-of-sale purchases that are required to be cashless. We also propose an approach to digital currency that would allow for more efficient and transparent clearing and settlement, implementation of monetary and fiscal policy, and management of systemic risk. The digital currency could be implemented as central bank digital currency (CBDC), or it could be issued by the government and collateralised by public funds or Treasury assets. Our proposed architecture allows both manifestations and would be operated by banks and other money services businesses, operating within a framework overseen by government regulators. We argue that now is the time for action to undertake development of such a system, not only because of the current crisis but also in anticipation of future crises resulting from geopolitical risks, the continued globalisation of the digital economy, and the changing value and risks that technology brings.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
