衍射极限以下固态自旋的并行单次测量和相干控制
Parallel single-shot measurement and coherent control of solid-state spins below the diffraction limit
摘要：
固态自旋缺陷是量子科学和技术的一个很有前途的平台，已经实现了量子信息处理，特别是在量子网络领域的各种关键组件的演示。构建具有固态缺陷的大规模量子系统的一个突出挑战是实现对具有纳米级间隔的多个缺陷的高保真控制，这是实现多量子位逻辑和纠缠态创建的强自旋-自旋相互作用所必需的。在这项工作中，我们实验证明了一种光频域复用技术，允许高保真初始化和单发自旋测量的六个稀土（Er $^{3+}$）离子，在一个单一的硅光子晶体腔的亚波长体积。我们还展示了使用光学AC斯塔克位移的相干自旋旋转的亚波长控制。所展示的方法可以缩放到任意小的分离的大量离子，并且是实现强相互作用的原子缺陷阵列的重要一步，其应用于量子信息处理和多体动力学的基础研究。
英文摘要：
Solid-state spin defects are a promising platform for quantum science and technology, having realized demonstrations of a variety of key components for quantum information processing, particularly in the area of quantum networks. An outstanding challenge for building larger-scale quantum systems with solid-state defects is realizing high-fidelity control over multiple defects with nanoscale separations, which is required to realize strong spin-spin interactions for multi-qubit logic and the creation of entangled states. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate an optical frequency-domain multiplexing technique, allowing high-fidelity initialization and single-shot spin measurement of six rare earth (Er$^{3+}$) ions, within the sub-wavelength volume of a single, silicon photonic crystal cavity. We also demonstrate sub-wavelength control over coherent spin rotations using an optical AC Stark shift. The demonstrated approach may be scaled to large numbers of ions with arbitrarily small separation, and is a significant step towards realizing strongly interacting atomic defect arrays with applications to quantum information processing and fundamental studies of many-body dynamics.
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