私人家庭向老年人转移支付是否对公共养老金福利有反应？来自中国农村的证据
Do Private Household Transfers to the Elderly Respond to Public Pension Benefits? Evidence from Rural China
摘要：
发展中国家的人口老龄化推动了公共养老金计划的引入，以保持老年人的生活水平。然而，经常被忽视的代际转移机制可能会抑制这些预期的政策效果，因为向父母提供收入的成年子女可能会根据父母收入的变化调整自己的行为。利用中国独特的政策干预，我们使用差异中的差异（DDD）的方法来研究新的养老金计划如何影响生前转移。我们发现，养老金福利降低了在一个大型中等收入国家的背景下，从成年子女那里接受转移支付的倾向，我们还估计了一个小的挤出效应。总的来说，这些估计符合以前在高收入国家的研究模式，尽管我们对挤出效应的估计明显小于以前在高收入和中等收入国家的研究。
英文摘要：
Ageing populations in developing countries have spurred the introduction of public pension programs to preserve the standard of living for the elderly. The often-overlooked mechanism of intergenerational transfers, however, can dampen these intended policy effects as adult children who make income contributions to their parents could adjust their behavior to changes in their parents' income. Exploiting a unique policy intervention in China, we examine using a difference-in-difference-in-differences (DDD) approach how a new pension program impacts inter vivos transfers. We show that pension benefits lower the propensity of receiving transfers from adult children in the context of a large middle-income country and we also estimate a small crowd-out effect. Taken together, these estimates fit the pattern of previous research in high-income countries, although our estimates of the crowd-out effect are significantly smaller than previous studies in both high-income and middle-income countries.
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