arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2006.01029cs.DCcs.MA
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数字社会契约的容错分布式账本实现

Fault-Tolerant Distributed-Ledger Implementation of Digital Social Contracts

Ouri Poupko, Ehud Shapiro, Nimrod Talmon

摘要:

一篇配套论文定义了数字社会契约的概念,提出了一种社会契约程序设计语言的设计,并通过示例社会契约展示了其潜在的实用性。设想的设置由具有真实标识符的人组成,所述真实标识符是唯一且单一的加密密钥对,所述人操作在他们的移动终端上由此标识的软件代理。数字社会契约的抽象模型由一个过渡系统组成,该系统指定了并发的、非确定性的异步代理,这些代理通过执行数字语音行为在共享账本上操作,这些数字语音行为是加密签名的顺序索引数字动作。在这里,我们解决了在存在错误代理的情况下数字社会契约的分布式账本实现:我们提出了一个容错分布式账本过渡系统的设计,并表明它实现了数字社会契约的抽象共享账本模型,并讨论了它对错误代理的弹性。其结果是一种新颖的分类账架构,该架构以每人区块链的方式分发(与集中式的一个区块链相反),部分有序(与完全有序相反),本地复制(与全局复制相反)、异步(与全局同步相反),对等,每个代理既是执行者又是验证者(而不是有专门的矿工,验证者和客户端),环保(相对于对环境有害的工作量证明),自给自足(相对于能源占用的工作量证明或资本占用的权益证明)和平等主义(相对于财阀的工作量证明和权益证明)。

英文摘要:

A companion paper defined the notion of digital social contracts, presented a design for a social-contracts programming language, and demonstrated its potential utility via example social contracts. The envisioned setup consists of people with genuine identifiers, which are unique and singular cryptographic key pairs, that operate software agents thus identified on their mobile device. The abstract model of digital social contracts consists of a transition system specifying concurrent, non-deterministic asynchronous agents that operate on a shared ledger by performing digital speech acts, which are cryptographically-signed sequentially-indexed digital actions. Here, we address the distributed-ledger implementation of digital social contracts in the presence of faulty agents: we present a design of a fault-tolerant distributed-ledger transition system and show that it implements the abstract shared-ledger model of digital social contracts, and discuss its resilience to faulty agents. The result is a novel ledger architecture that is distributed with a blockchain-per-person (as opposed to centralized with one blockchain for all), partially-ordered (as opposed to totally-ordered), locally-replicated (as opposed to globally-replicated), asynchronous (as opposed to globally-synchronized), peer-to-peer with each agent being both an actor and a validator (as opposed to having dedicated miners, validators, and clients), environmentally-friendly (as opposed to the environmentally-harmful Proof-of-Work), self-sufficient (as opposed to the energy-hogging Proof-of-Work or capital-hogging Proof-of-Stake) and egalitarian (as opposed to the plutocratic Proof-of-Work and Proof-of-Stake).

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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