为什么宏观实验是可重复的？用单个纯态模拟系综行为
Why are macroscopic experiments reproducible? Imitating the behavior of an ensemble by single pure states
摘要：
显然，物理实验实际上是可重复的，即使完全相同的初始状态波函数的制备往往远远超出实验的可能性。因此，探索初始波函数的特定的、不可控的特征是否以及在何种意义上与实验的可观察过程无关是很自然的。为此，我们定义合奏的纯态，然后产生非常相似的非平衡动态的期望值几乎所有的标准观测。系综被构造成符合关于系统状态的一些简化的、粗略的先验信息，例如，几个特定的期望值等。然而，具有不同附加属性的不同类型的系综是可能的。我们讨论其中的一些。
英文摘要：
Evidently, physical experiments are practically reproducible even though the fully identical preparation of initial state wave functions is often far beyond experimental possibilities. It is thus natural to explore if and in which sense specific, uncontrollable features of initial wave functions are irrelevant for the observable course of an experiment. To this end we define ensembles of pure states which are then shown to generate extremely similar non-equilibrium dynamics of the expectation values of practically all standard observables. The ensembles are constructed to comply with some reduced, coarse a priori information on the state of the system, like, e.g. a few specific expectation values, etc. However, different types of ensembles with different additional properties are possible. We discuss some of them.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
