亚波长等离子体结构中的光致温度梯度：纳米锥的热等离子体
Photoinduced Temperature Gradients in Sub-wavelength Plasmonic Structures: The Thermoplasmonics of Nanocones
摘要：
等离子体结构以其在纳米尺度下有效地将光转化为热的能力而闻名。然而，尽管有可能产生深亚波长电磁热点，但由于热量沿整个金属纳米结构的扩散扩散，极端局部化热热点的形成是研究的公开挑战。在这里，我们通过利用单个金纳米锥来应对这一挑战。我们从理论上展示了这些结构如何在金属内实现极高的温度梯度，导致深亚波长热热点，这是由于它们在共振条件下即使在连续波照明下也能将光集中在顶点。一个三维有限元方法模型，研究电磁场的结构和随后的热等离子体行为，在三维温度分布。我们展示了后者是如何受到纳米锥的大小，形状和周围环境的组成。最后，我们预计使用的光致温度梯度在nanocones的应用，在光流体和热电或热诱导nanofabbits。
英文摘要：
Plasmonic structures are renowned for their capability to efficiently convert light into heat at the nanoscale. However, despite the possibility to generate deep sub-wavelength electromagnetic hot spots, the formation of extremely localized thermal hot spots is an open challenge of research, simply because of the diffusive spread of heat along the whole metallic nanostructure. Here we tackle this challenge by exploiting single gold nanocones. We theoretically show how these structures can indeed realize extremely high temperature gradients within the metal, leading to deep sub-wavelength thermal hot spots, owing to their capability of concentrating light at the apex under resonant conditions even under continuous wave illumination. A three-dimensional Finite Element Method model is employed to study the electromagnetic field in the structure and subsequent thermoplasmonic behaviour, in terms of the three-dimensional temperature distribution. We show how the latter is affected by nanocone size, shape, and composition of the surrounding environment. Finally, we anticipate the use of photoinduced temperature gradients in nanocones for applications in optofluidics and thermoelectrics or for thermally induced nanofabrication.
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