各向异性中心自旋模型中的持续暗态
Persistent dark states in anisotropic central spin models
摘要：
长寿命的暗态在固态系统中普遍存在，在这种状态下，实验上可获得的量子位与周围的自旋浴不处于热平衡。我们解释了无处不在的暗态在一个大类的非均匀中心自旋模型使用接近可积线与确切的暗本征态。在数值上可达到的尺寸下，暗态在与可积性有很大偏差的情况下仍然作为本征态存在，量子比特在很长一段时间内保持着其初始极化的记忆。虽然系统的本征态是混沌的，对小扰动表现出指数敏感性，但它们不满足本征态热化假设。相反，我们预测长的弛豫时间随系统大小呈指数级增加。我们建议，这种中间的混乱，但非遍历制度的特点介观量子点和金刚石缺陷系统，因为我们没有看到传统的热化与有限的弛豫时间的数值趋势。
英文摘要：
Long-lived dark states, in which an experimentally accessible qubit is not in thermal equilibrium with a surrounding spin bath, are pervasive in solid-state systems. We explain the ubiquity of dark states in a large class of inhomogenous central spin models using the proximity to integrable lines with exact dark eigenstates. At numerically accessible sizes, dark states persist as eigenstates at large deviations from integrability, and the qubit retains memory of its initial polarization at long times. Although the eigenstates of the system are chaotic, exhibiting exponential sensitivity to small perturbations, they do not satisfy the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis. Rather, we predict long relaxation times that increase exponentially with system size. We propose that this intermediate chaotic but non-ergodic regime characterizes mesoscopic quantum dot and diamond defect systems, as we see no numerical tendency towards conventional thermalization with a finite relaxation time.
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