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arXiv 2005.11656quant-ph
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多个观测者对量子比特的顺序测量:联合最佳猜测策略

Sequential measurements on qubits by multiple observers: Joint best guess strategy

Dov Fields, Árpad Várga, János A. Bergou

摘要:

我们研究了后续观测者对同一量子比特进行的顺序状态鉴别测量。具体来说,我们专注于观察者执行一种最小误差类型的状态判别测量的情况下,观察者的目标是最大限度地提高他们的联合成功猜测的状态,量子比特最初准备的概率。我们称之为联合最佳猜测策略。在这个方案中,爱丽丝准备了两种可能状态之一的量子比特。量子比特首先被发送给鲍勃,鲍勃测量它,然后再发送给查理,然后发送给总共N个连续的接收者,他们都对它进行测量。所有观察者的目标是确定爱丽丝发送的是哪个状态。在联合最佳猜测策略中,每次接收到系统时,观测器都需要在测量的帮助下对其状态进行猜测。这一要求的代价是必须允许错误,猜测可以是正确的,也可以是错误的。有一个非零的概率,所有的接收器,以成功地识别最初准备的状态,我们最大限度地提高这一联合成功的概率。这项工作是一个非破坏性的顺序量子测量的理论发展的一步,并可能是有用的多方量子通信方案的基础上与单量子比特通信,特别是在计划采用连续变量状态。它也代表了一种情况下,随后的观察者可以概率和最佳地绕过崩溃假设和无广播定理。

英文摘要:

We study sequential state discrimination measurements performed on the same qubit by subsequent observers. Specifically, we focus on the case when the observers perform a kind of a minimum-error type state discriminating measurement where the goal of the observers is to maximize their joint probability of successfully guessing the state that the qubit was initially prepared in. We call this the joint best guess strategy. In this scheme, Alice prepares a qubit in one of two possible states. The qubit is first sent to Bob, who measures it, and then on to Charlie, and so on to altogether N consecutive receivers who all perform measurements on it. The goal for all observers is to determine which state Alice sent. In the joint best guess strategy, every time a system is received the observer is required to make a guess, aided by the measurement, about its state. The price to pay for this requirement is that errors must be permitted, the guess can be correct or in error. There is a nonzero probability for all the receivers to successfully identify the initially prepared state, and we maximize this joint probability of success. This work is a step toward developing a theory of nondestructive sequential quantum measurements and could be useful in multiparty quantum communication schemes based on communicating with single qubits, particularly in schemes employing continuous variable states. It also represents a case where subsequent observers can probabilistically and optimally get around both the collapse postulate and the no-broadcasting theorem.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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