有限长分子低聚物的边缘效应主导复制热力学
Edge-effects dominate copying thermodynamics for finite-length molecular oligomers
摘要：
生命系统通过将单体单元组装成有限长度的低聚物（短聚合物）拷贝来产生携带信息的分子（如DNA）的拷贝。我们探讨了复制过程中的热力学复制的启动和终止的作用。通过分裂成信息和化学术语的复制形成的自由能变化，我们表明，复制准确性在整体热力学中没有直接的作用。相反，产生比通过随机取样单体获得的序列更类似于环境中的寡聚体的输出是成本昂贵的。复制准确性可以是中性的，甚至是有利的，这取决于周围的环境。因此，低聚物复制机制可以作为信息引擎，相互转换化学和信息为基础的自由能。硬热力学约束的准确性推导出无限长的聚合物，而不是表现为动力学障碍的副本是模板连接。这些障碍很容易被较短的低聚物克服。
英文摘要：
Living systems produce copies of information-carrying molecules such as DNA by assembling monomer units into finite-length oligomer (short polymer) copies. We explore the role of initiation and termination of the copy process in the thermodynamics of copying. By splitting the free-energy change of copy formation into informational and chemical terms, we show that copy accuracy plays no direct role in the overall thermodynamics. Instead, it is thermodynamically costly to produce outputs that are more similar to the oligomers in the environment than sequences obtained by randomly sampling monomers. Copy accuracy can be thermodynamically neutral, or even favoured, depending on the surroundings. Oligomer copying mechanisms can thus function as information engines that interconvert chemical and information-based free energy. Hard thermodynamic constraints on accuracy derived for infinite-length polymers instead manifest as kinetic barriers experienced while the copy is template-attached. These barriers are easily surmounted by shorter oligomers.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
