通过光泵浦提高$^{81}\mathrm{Kr}$和$^{85}\mathrm{Kr}$计数率
Enhancement of the $^{81}\mathrm{Kr}$ and $^{85}\mathrm{Kr}$ count rates by optical pumping
摘要：
我们报告了通过增强放电源中亚稳态原子的产生，在原子阱痕量分析方法中稀有$^{81}\mathrm{Kr}$和$^{85}\mathrm{Kr}$同位素的计数率增加高达60%。通过在819 nm处光学泵浦$1s_4-2p_6$跃迁获得亚稳态$ 1s_5 $能级（Paschen符号）中的额外原子。通过求解系统的主方程，我们确定这种转变是最合适的，并可以描述测量的亚稳态人口的增加作为819 nm激光功率的函数。我们计算了以前未知的同位素位移和超精细分裂的$1s_4-2p_6$过渡在$^{81}\mathrm{Kr}$和$^{85}\mathrm{Kr}$，并验证结果与计数率测量。所展示的计数率增加使得$^{81}\mathrm{Kr}$和$^{85}\mathrm{Kr}$测年所需的样本量相应减少，这对于诸如海水和深冰芯测年的应用是一个显著的改进。
英文摘要：
We report an increase of up to 60% on the count rates of the rare $^{81}\mathrm{Kr}$ and $^{85}\mathrm{Kr}$ isotopes in the Atom Trap Trace Analysis method by enhancing the production of metastable atoms in the discharge source. Additional atoms in the metastable $ 1s_5 $ level (Paschen notation) are obtained via optically pumping the $1s_4-2p_6$ transition at 819 nm. By solving the master equation for the system, we identify this transition to be the most suitable one and can describe the measured increase in metastable population as a function of the 819-nm laser power. We calculate the previously unknown isotope shifts and hyperfine splittings of the $1s_4-2p_6$ transition in $^{81}\mathrm{Kr}$ and $^{85}\mathrm{Kr}$, and verify the results with count rate measurements. The demonstrated count-rate increase enables a corresponding decrease in the required sample sizes for $^{81}\mathrm{Kr}$ and $^{85}\mathrm{Kr}$ dating, a significant improvement for applications such as dating of ocean water and deep ice cores.
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