双基地海洋高频雷达的自校准和天线分组
Self-calibration and antenna grouping for bistatic oceanographic High-Frequency Radars
摘要：
我们提出了两个概念的显着改善表面电流映射与双基地海洋高频雷达。这些改进涉及线性或准线性天线阵列的雷达数据的方位处理。第一种思想是利用远程发射机，根据对直接路径中接收信号的分析，对接收天线的复增益进行自动校正，该直接信号可以在距离-多普勒表示中的零多普勒和最小距离单元处找到。我们将这种调整称为接收阵列的“自校准”，因为它可以在没有操作员的任何特定操作的情况下实时执行。第二个想法包括将方向发现技术（而不是传统的波束形成）不仅应用于天线的完整阵列，而且应用于由较少数量的顺序天线组成的子阵列，我们称之为“天线分组”的方法。自校准和天线分组的组合使得可以获得具有全覆盖的高分辨率地图，从而结合了测向和波束形成技术各自的优点。此外，该方法被发现在阵列中丢失天线的鲁棒性。这些技术被应用到土伦的多基地高频雷达网络中并加以说明。
英文摘要：
We propose two concepts for the significant improvement of surface current mapping with bistatic oceanographic High-Frequency Radars. These ameliorations pertain to the azimuthal processing of radar data with linear or quasi-linear antenna arrays. The first idea is to take advantage of the remote transmitter to perform an automatic correction of the complex gains of the receiving antennas based on the analysis of the signal received in the direct path. This direct signal can be found at the zero-Doppler and minimal range cell in the Range-Doppler representation. We term this adjustment as "self-calibration" of the receiving array, as it can be performed in real-time without any specific action from the operator. The second idea consists in applying a Direction Finding technique (instead of traditional Beam Forming) not only to the full array of antenna but also to subarrays made of a smaller number of sequential antennas, a method which we refer to as "antenna grouping". The combination of self-calibration and antenna grouping makes it possible to obtain high-resolution maps with full coverage, thereby combining the respective merits of Direction Finding and Beam Forming techniques. In addition the method is found robust to missing antennas in the array. These techniques are applied to and illustrated with the multistatic High-Frequency Radar network in Toulon.
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