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arXiv 2005.10419cs.LGstat.ML
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为什么蒸馏有用:统计学视角

Why distillation helps: a statistical perspective

Google Research(谷歌研究院)

Aditya Krishna Menon, Ankit Singh Rawat, Sashank J. Reddi, Seungyeon Kim, Sanjiv Kumar

摘要:

知识蒸馏是一种通过用从复杂的“教师”模型获得的标签上的分布来替换简单的“学生”模型的独热训练标签来提高其性能的技术。虽然这种简单的方法已被证明是广泛有效的,但一个基本问题仍然没有解决:为什么蒸馏有帮助?在本文中,我们提出了一个统计的角度蒸馏,解决了这个问题,并提供了一个新的极端多类检索技术的连接。我们的核心观察是,教师试图估计潜在的(贝叶斯)类概率函数。在此基础上,我们在学生的目标中建立了一个基本的偏差-方差权衡:这量化了这些类概率的近似知识如何显着帮助学习。最后,我们将展示蒸馏如何补充现有的负面挖掘技术的极端多类检索,并提出了一个统一的目标,结合这些想法。

英文摘要:

Knowledge distillation is a technique for improving the performance of a simple "student" model by replacing its one-hot training labels with a distribution over labels obtained from a complex "teacher" model. While this simple approach has proven widely effective, a basic question remains unresolved: why does distillation help? In this paper, we present a statistical perspective on distillation which addresses this question, and provides a novel connection to extreme multiclass retrieval techniques. Our core observation is that the teacher seeks to estimate the underlying (Bayes) class-probability function. Building on this, we establish a fundamental bias-variance tradeoff in the student's objective: this quantifies how approximate knowledge of these class-probabilities can significantly aid learning. Finally, we show how distillation complements existing negative mining techniques for extreme multiclass retrieval, and propose a unified objective which combines these ideas.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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