映射问题：3D处理器拓扑上的应用进程映射
Mapping Matters: Application Process Mapping on 3-D Processor Topologies
摘要：
应用程序的性能受进程到计算节点的映射、处理元素之间交换的频率和数量、网络容量和路由协议的影响。应用程序进程映射不佳会降低性能并浪费资源。进程映射作为一个显式优化步骤经常被忽略，因为系统通常提供默认映射，用户可能缺乏对其应用程序通信行为的意识，并且通过映射提高性能的机会通常不清楚。这项工作研究的影响，应用程序的进程映射的几个处理器拓扑结构。我们提出了一个工作流程，使映射作为一个明确的优化步骤，并行应用程序。我们将工作流应用到一组四个应用程序，十二个映射算法，和三个直接的网络拓扑结构。我们使用诸如膨胀（以跳数$\cdot$字节为单位测量）之类的度量来评估映射的质量，这些度量包括容量、频率和交换距离。通过一个基于并行跟踪的模拟器，我们使用十二个映射预测应用程序在三种拓扑结构上的执行。我们评估进程映射对应用程序的执行和通信时间方面的模拟性能的影响，并确定在这两种情况下实现最高性能的映射。为了确保模拟的正确性，我们比较了模拟前后的结果。这项工作强调了进程映射作为一个明确的优化步骤的重要性，并提供了一个解决方案，并行应用程序，以充分利用在给定的系统上分配的资源的潜力。
英文摘要：
Applications' performance is influenced by the mapping of processes to computing nodes, the frequency and volume of exchanges among processing elements, the network capacity, and the routing protocol. A poor mapping of application processes degrades performance and wastes resources. Process mapping is frequently ignored as an explicit optimization step since the system typically offers a default mapping, users may lack awareness of their applications' communication behavior, and the opportunities for improving performance through mapping are often unclear. This work studies the impact of application process mapping on several processor topologies. We propose a workflow that renders mapping as an explicit optimization step for parallel applications. We apply the workflow to a set of four applications, twelve mapping algorithms, and three direct network topologies. We assess the mappings' quality in terms of volume, frequency, and distance of exchanges using metrics such as dilation (measured in hop$\cdot$Byte). With a parallel trace-based simulator, we predict the applications' execution on the three topologies using the twelve mappings. We evaluate the impact of process mapping on the applications' simulated performance in terms of execution and communication times and identify the mappings that achieve the highest performance in both cases. To ensure the correctness of the simulations, we compare the pre- and post-simulation results. This work emphasizes the importance of process mapping as an explicit optimization step and offers a solution for parallel applications to exploit the full potential of the allocated resources on a given system.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
