用于CHIME的GPU空间处理系统
A GPU Spatial Processing System for CHIME
摘要：
我们提出了一个概述的图形处理单元（GPU）为基础的空间处理系统创建的加拿大氢强度测绘实验（CHIME）。该设计在其处理节点中采用AMD S9300 x2 GPU和现成的商用硬件，以提供具有成本和功耗效率的处理基板。这些节点由液体冷却系统支持，该系统允许在最不利的条件下以适度的功耗连续运行。CHIME X-engine能够在400 MHz带宽上连续关联2048个接收器极化，是目前存在的最强大的无线电相关器。它从CHIME的基于FPGA的F引擎接收$6.6$ \，Tb/s的信道化数据，并且主要相关任务需要每秒进行$8.39\times10^{14}$复数乘法和累加运算。该系统还为FRB和Pulsar实验提供成形束流数据产品;它构成了一个规模和能力前所未有的通用空间处理系统，在计算、数据传输、散热和干扰屏蔽方面也面临着巨大的挑战。
英文摘要：
We present an overview of the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) based spatial processing system created for the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME). The design employs AMD S9300x2 GPUs and readily-available commercial hardware in its processing nodes to provide a cost- and power-efficient processing substrate. These nodes are supported by a liquid-cooling system which allows continuous operation with modest power consumption and in all but the most adverse conditions. Capable of continuously correlating 2048 receiver-polarizations across 400\,MHz of bandwidth, the CHIME X-engine constitutes the most powerful radio correlator currently in existence. It receives $6.6$\,Tb/s of channelized data from CHIME's FPGA-based F-engine, and the primary correlation task requires $8.39\times10^{14}$ complex multiply-and-accumulate operations per second. The same system also provides formed-beam data products to commensal FRB and Pulsar experiments; it constitutes a general spatial-processing system of unprecedented scale and capability, with correspondingly great challenges in computation, data transport, heat dissipation, and interference shielding.
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