中红外气泡N14扩展系统物理条件的研究
Investigating the physical conditions in extended system hosting mid-infrared bubble N14
摘要：
为了观测探索物理过程，我们提出了一个宽尺度的环境，朝向l = 13.7 - 14.9度包含一个中红外气泡N14的多波长研究。对[31.6，46] km/s的12 CO、13 CO和C18 O气体的分析揭示了一个扩展的物理系统（扩展~59 pc x 29 pc），其中至少有五组ATLASGAL 870微米尘埃团，d ~3.1 kpc。这些空间上不同的群/子区域包含不稳定的分子团，并与几个I类年轻恒星天体（平均年龄~0.44百万年）有关。至少有三组ATLASGAL团块与扩展的HII区（包括气泡N14）和嵌入的红外暗云，没有电离气体，被发现在系统中。使用GMRT和THOR射电连续谱数据得到的观测光谱指数表明HII区域存在非热发射。在1280 MHz的高分辨率GMRT射电连续谱图上，我们追踪到了几个由大质量B型恒星提供能量的电离团块，它们朝向N14，相当年轻（年龄约为10^3 - 10^4年）。在局部，恒星形成的早期阶段是明显的对所有集团的团块。12 CO、13 CO和C18 O的位置-速度图在选定的经度范围内呈现出类似于椭圆形的速度模式。考虑到系统中存在不同的组/亚区域，速度的振荡模式表明了碎裂过程。所有这些观察到的发现有利于全球崩溃的情况下，在扩展的物理系统，这似乎也解释了观察到的层次结构的适用性。
英文摘要：
To observationally explore physical processes, we present a multi-wavelength study of a wide-scale environment toward l = 13.7 - 14.9 degrees containing a mid-infrared bubble N14. The analysis of 12CO, 13CO, and C18O gas at [31.6, 46] km/s reveals an extended physical system (extension ~59 pc x 29 pc), which hosts at least five groups of the ATLASGAL 870 micron dust clumps at d ~3.1 kpc. These spatially-distinct groups/sub-regions contain unstable molecular clumps, and are associated with several Class I young stellar objects (mean age ~0.44 Myr). At least three groups of ATLASGAL clumps associated with the expanding HII regions (including the bubble N14) and embedded infrared dark clouds, devoid of the ionized gas, are found in the system. The observed spectral indices derived using the GMRT and THOR radio continuum data suggest the presence of non-thermal emission with the HII regions. High resolution GMRT radio continuum map at 1280 MHz traces several ionized clumps powered by massive B-type stars toward N14, which are considerably young (age ~10^3 - 10^4 years). Locally, early stage of star formation is evident toward all the groups of clumps. The position-velocity maps of 12CO, 13CO, and C18O exhibit an oscillatory-like velocity pattern toward the selected longitude range. Considering the presence of different groups/sub-regions in the system, the oscillatory pattern in velocity is indicative of the fragmentation process. All these observed findings favour the applicability of the global collapse scenario in the extended physical system, which also seems to explain the observed hierarchy.
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