arXiv 2005.072472020-05quant-phphysics.optics

量子网络中与距离无关的纠缠产生

Entanglement generation in a quantum network at distance-independent rate

Ashlesha Patil, Mihir Pant, Dirk Englund, Don Towsley, Saikat Guha

DOI：: 10.1038/s41534-022-00536-0

摘要：

我们开发了一种用于量子互联网中的纠缠生成的协议，该协议允许中继器节点使用$n$ -量子比特Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger（GHZ）投影测量，该测量可以融合成功纠缠的$n$ { \em链路}，即，在该节点处入射的跨$n$网络边缘共享的两量子比特纠缠Bell对。对于$n \ge 3$，实现$n$ -融合原则上不比固态量子位存储器中的$2$ -融合（贝尔基测量）难多少。如果我们甚至允许$3$ -融合在节点上，我们发现-通过开发一个连接到一个修改版本的网站键渗透问题-尽管有损（因此概率）链路级纠缠的产生，和概率成功的融合测量在节点上，可以产生纠缠的最终方爱丽丝和鲍勃之间的速率保持不变，因为它们之间的距离增加。我们证明，这种强大的网络属性是不可能实现的任何量子网络协议建立贝尔测量和复用单独。我们还设计了一个两方量子密钥分发协议，该协议将两个节点之间共享的纠缠态转换为共享的秘密，密钥生成速率与双方之间的距离无关。

英文摘要：

We develop a protocol for entanglement generation in the quantum internet that allows a repeater node to use $n$-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) projective measurements that can fuse $n$ successfully-entangled {\em links}, i.e., two-qubit entangled Bell pairs shared across $n$ network edges, incident at that node. Implementing $n$-fusion, for $n \ge 3$, is in principle not much harder than $2$-fusions (Bell-basis measurements) in solid-state qubit memories. If we allow even $3$-fusions at the nodes, we find---by developing a connection to a modified version of the site-bond percolation problem---that despite lossy (hence probabilistic) link-level entanglement generation, and probabilistic success of the fusion measurements at nodes, one can generate entanglement between end parties Alice and Bob at a rate that stays constant as the distance between them increases. We prove that this powerful network property is not possible to attain with any quantum networking protocol built with Bell measurements and multiplexing alone. We also design a two-party quantum key distribution protocol that converts the entangled states shared between two nodes into a shared secret, at a key generation rate that is independent of the distance between the two parties.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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英文摘要：

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