受驱动耗散光子二聚体中的非线性涌现现象
Emergent Nonlinear Phenomena in a Driven Dissipative Photonic Dimer
摘要：
涌现现象是自然界中普遍存在的现象，指的是复杂非线性系统中空间、时间或时空的斑图形成，这种现象在单粒子水平的微观描述中是不包含的。例子从量子和经典多体系统中物质的新相，到星系形成或神经动力学。两个特征现象是超过特征相互作用长度的长度尺度和自发对称性破缺。集成光子学的最新进展表明，在复杂耦合非线性光学系统中研究出射现象是可能的。在这里，我们证明了一个强耦合（“二聚体”）对光子集成克尔微谐振器，在“单粒子”（即个别谐振器）水平产生很好理解的耗散克尔孤子的平衡驱动，表现出涌现的非线性现象。通过探索二聚体相图，我们发现了意想不到的，因此不可预测的制度孤子跳跃，自发对称性破缺，并定期出现（中）相称色散波。这些现象不包括在单粒子的描述和有关的杂化超模之间的参数频率转换。此外，通过电控制超模杂交，我们实现了二聚体孤子和色散波之间的光谱干涉图案的宽调谐性。我们的研究结果提供了第一个关键的一步，对孤子网络和多模晶格中涌现的非线性现象的研究。
英文摘要：
Emergent phenomena are ubiquitous in nature and refer to spatial, temporal, or spatiotemporal pattern formation in complex nonlinear systems driven out of equilibrium that is not contained in the microscopic descriptions at the single-particle level. Examples range from novel phases of matter in both quantum and classical many-body systems, to galaxy formation or neural dynamics. Two characteristic phenomena are length scales that exceed the characteristic interaction length and spontaneous symmetry breaking. Recent advances in integrated photonics indicate that the study of emergent phenomena is possible in complex coupled nonlinear optical systems. Here we demonstrate that out-of-equilibrium driving of a strongly coupled ("dimer") pair of photonic integrated Kerr microresonators, which at the "single-particle" (i.e. individual resonator) level generate well understood dissipative Kerr solitons, exhibit emergent nonlinear phenomena. By exploring the dimer phase diagram, we find unexpected and therefore unpredicted regimes of soliton hopping, spontaneous symmetry breaking, and periodically emerging (in)commensurate dispersive waves. These phenomena are not included in the single-particle description and related to the parametric frequency conversion between hybridized supermodes. Moreover, by controlling supermode hybridization electrically, we achieve wide tunability of spectral interference patterns between dimer solitons and dispersive waves. Our findings provide the first critical step towards the study of emergent nonlinear phenomena in soliton networks and multimode lattices.
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