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arXiv 2005.05538cs.AI
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动态认知在人工智能价值学习中的应用

Dynamic Cognition Applied to Value Learning in Artificial Intelligence

PUCRS(天主教 Pontifícia 大学(PUCRS))

Nythamar de Oliveira, Nicholas Kluge Corrêa

摘要:

人工智能(AI)发展专家预测,智能系统和智能体发展的进步将重塑我们社会的重要领域。然而,如果这种进步不谨慎地进行,它可能会给人类带来负面结果。出于这个原因,该领域的几位研究人员正在试图开发一种健壮、有益和安全的人工智能概念。目前,人工智能研究领域的一些开放性问题来自于避免智能代理的不必要行为的困难,同时指定我们希望这样的系统做什么。最重要的是,人工智能主体的价值观与人类价值观保持一致,因为我们不能指望人工智能仅仅因为它的智能而发展我们的道德偏好,正如《道德性论文》中所讨论的那样。也许这个困难来自于我们使用表征认知方法来解决表达目标、价值和目的的问题。德雷福斯的现象学哲学主张,人类的在世经验不能用符号主义或联结主义的认知方法来表征。解决这个问题的一种可能方法是使用理论模型,如SED(情境体现动力学)来解决人工智能中的价值观学习问题。

英文摘要:

Experts in Artificial Intelligence (AI) development predict that advances in the development of intelligent systems and agents will reshape vital areas in our society. Nevertheless, if such an advance isn't done with prudence, it can result in negative outcomes for humanity. For this reason, several researchers in the area are trying to develop a robust, beneficial, and safe concept of artificial intelligence. Currently, several of the open problems in the field of AI research arise from the difficulty of avoiding unwanted behaviors of intelligent agents, and at the same time specifying what we want such systems to do. It is of utmost importance that artificial intelligent agents have their values aligned with human values, given the fact that we cannot expect an AI to develop our moral preferences simply because of its intelligence, as discussed in the Orthogonality Thesis. Perhaps this difficulty comes from the way we are addressing the problem of expressing objectives, values, and ends, using representational cognitive methods. A solution to this problem would be the dynamic cognitive approach proposed by Dreyfus, whose phenomenological philosophy defends that the human experience of being-in-the-world cannot be represented by the symbolic or connectionist cognitive methods. A possible approach to this problem would be to use theoretical models such as SED (situated embodied dynamics) to address the values learning problem in AI.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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