无关选择多项式时间:一种捕获 PTIME 的逻辑
Insignificant Choice Polynomial Time: A Logic Capturing PTIME
AI总结:
本文用受原子选择、同构更新集等条件限制的非确定性 ASMs 扩展 CPT,提出可在多项式时间内验证且保证选择无关的 ICPT 逻辑,从而捕获 PTIME。
摘要:
在本文中,无选择多项式时间(CPT)利用非确定性抽象状态机(ASMs)得到扩展,这些 ASMs 受到三个条件的限制:(1)选择被限制为在原子之间进行选择;(2)一个状态中的更新集必须是同构的;(3)对于分别位于状态 $S$ 和 $S^\prime$ 上的任意两个同构更新集,相应后继状态的更新集集合是同构的。这些限制可以并入 ASM 规则的语义中,使得只有在条件得到满足时才产生更新集。此外,这些条件可以在一台模拟图灵机上于多项式时间内检查。最后,这些条件蕴含全局无关性,即最终结果独立于所做的选择。这些性质足以表明,以这种方式受到限制的 ASMs 定义了一种捕获 PTIME 的逻辑,我们将其称为无关选择多项式时间(ICPT)。
英文摘要:
In this article choiceless polynomial time (CPT) is extended using non-determini\-stic Abstract State Machines (ASMs), which are restricted by three conditions: (1) choice is restricted to choice among atoms; (2) update sets in a state must be isomorphic; (3) for any two isomorphic update sets on states $S$ and $S^\prime$, respectively, the sets of update sets of the corresponding successor states are isomorphic. The restrictions can be incorporated into the semantics of ASM rules such that update sets are only yielded, if the conditions are satisfied. Furthermore, the conditions can be checked in polynomial time on a simulating Turing machine. Finally, the conditions imply global insignificance, i.e. the final result is independent from the choices. These properties suffice to show that the ASMs restricted this way define a logic capturing PTIME, which we call insignificant choice polynomial time (ICPT)
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