微纳米金刚石的制备及其在电化学中的应用
Micro- and Nanostructured Diamond in Electrochemistry: Fabrication and Application
摘要：
金刚石纳米结构的制备方法可以分为两大类：自顶向下刻蚀法和自底生长法。3D微结构金刚石的早期工作可以追溯到20世纪90年代中期，使用化学气相渗透（CVI）技术。在该技术中，碳或碳化物纤维通常用作生长模板。几乎平行地，反应离子蚀刻（RIE）应用于实现金刚石表面纳米结构化。在此之后，金刚石表面纳米结构，通常垂直排列的金刚石纳米线（或纳米棒）已主要使用自顶向下等离子体蚀刻技术制造。近年来，模板法金刚石生长由于具有模板选择范围广、无掩模生产、表面无限扩大等优点而受到越来越多的关注。在这一章中，将详细介绍这两种方法的发展和主要技术。然而，其他不太常见的方法，如金属颗粒的催化蚀刻，蒸汽活化和选择性材料去除也将被讨论。如标题所示，本章将主要讨论微米和纳米结构金刚石在电化学中的应用。在这些应用中，纳米结构金刚石的优势可以分为三个方面：1）提供用于电荷存储和催化剂沉积的扩大的表面积; 2）用于传感应用的尖端增强的电化学反应; 3）具有微米或纳米孔的金刚石膜可以应用于电化学分离和纯化应用。本章将给出这些应用的例子和解释。
英文摘要：
The fabrication method of diamond nanostructures can be divided into two categories: top-down etching and bottom-growth. The early work on 3D micro-structured diamond dates back to mid-1990s, using chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) techniques. In this technology, carbon or carbide fibers were typically used as the growth template. Almost in parallel, reactive ion etching (RIE) was applied to achieve diamond surface nanostructuring. After that the diamond surface nanostructures, typically vertically aligned diamond nanowires (or nanorods) has been mainly fabricated using top-down plasma etching techniques. In recent year, the templated diamond growth has gained increasing attention due to the wide choice of template, mask-free production, and unlimited surface enlargement. In this chapter, the development and main techniques used in these two approaches will be elaborated. Nevertheless, other less common methods, such as catalytic etching by metal particles, steam activation and selective materials removal will also be discussed. As indicated by the title, this chapter will mainly deal with the application of micro- and nanostructured diamond in electrochemistry. In these applications, the advantage of nanostructured diamond can be divided into three aspects: 1) providing enlarged surface area for charge storage and catalyst deposition; 2) tip-enhanced electrochemical reactions used in sensing applications; 3) diamond membranes with micro- or nanopores can be applied in the electrochemistry separation and purification applications. Examples and explanations on these applications will be given in this chapter.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
