微米和毫米级颗粒在空气-顺磁流体-液体界面上的运动和捕获
Motion and trapping of micro- and millimeter-sized particles on the air-paramagnetic-liquid interface
摘要：
了解空气-液体界面上颗粒的运动可以影响广泛的科学领域和应用。先前已知漂浮在空气-顺磁性-液体界面上的抗磁性颗粒具有来自磁体的排斥运动。在这里，我们展示了一种运动机制，其中漂浮在空气-顺磁-液体界面上的抗磁性颗粒被吸引并最终被捕获在离磁体偏离中心的距离处。磁性粒子的行为也被研究，并在一个统一的框架中的运动机制的理论，揭示了在空气-顺磁-液体界面上的粒子的运动不仅是由磁能，但作为一个相互作用的曲率的界面变形所产生的不均匀磁场，重力位，和磁能从粒子和液体。该吸引运动机制已在定向自组装和机器人粒子导引中得到应用。
英文摘要：
Understanding the motion of particles on an air-liquid interface can impact a wide range of scientific fields and applications. Diamagnetic particles floating on an air-paramagnetic-liquid interface are previously known to have a repulsive motion from a magnet. Here, we show a motion mechanism where the diamagnetic particles floating on the air-paramagnetic-liquid interface are attracted and eventually trapped at an off-center distance from the magnet. The behavior of magnetic particles has been also studied and the motion mechanisms are theorized in a unified framework, revealing that the motion of particles on an air-paramagnetic-liquid interface is governed not only by magnetic energy, but as an interplay of the curvature of the interface deformation created by the nonuniform magnetic field, the gravitational potential, and the magnetic energy from the particle and the liquid. The attractive motion mechanism has been applied in directed self-assembly and robotic particle guiding.
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