泡利晶体的观测
Observation of Pauli Crystals
摘要：
泡利不相容原理是支撑物质结构的基本定律。由于它们的反对称波函数，没有两个费米子可以占据相同的量子态。在这里，我们报告的直接观察泡利原理在一个连续的系统中的基态的二维谐振子多达六个粒子。为此，我们通过在动量空间中应用单原子分辨成像方案来对完整的多体波函数进行采样。我们发现所谓的泡利晶体是高阶相关性的表现。与真正的结晶相相反，这些独特的高阶密度相关性即使在没有任何相互作用的情况下也会出现。我们的工作奠定了基础，为未来的研究在强相互作用系统的关联多费米子。
英文摘要：
The Pauli exclusion principle is a fundamental law underpinning the structure of matter. Due to their anti-symmetric wave function, no two fermions can occupy the same quantum state. Here, we report on the direct observation of the Pauli principle in a continuous system of up to six particles in the ground state of a two-dimensional harmonic oscillator. To this end, we sample the full many-body wavefunction by applying a single atom resolved imaging scheme in momentum space. We find so-called Pauli crystals as a manifestation of higher order correlations. In contrast to true crystalline phases, these unique high-order density correlations emerge even without any interactions present. Our work lays the foundation for future studies of correlations in strongly interacting systems of many fermions.
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