语音指向复杂性及其权衡
Phonotactic Complexity and its Trade-offs
摘要：
我们提出的方法来计算一个衡量的音位复杂性-每音素位-，允许一个简单的跨语言比较。当给定一个单词，表示为一系列音素片段，如国际音标中的符号，以及一个在语言中的单词类型样本上训练的统计模型时，我们可以使用模型下该单词的负对数概率来近似测量每个音素的位数。这个简单的测量方法使我们能够比较不同语言之间的熵，从而了解一种语言的音位结构有多复杂。使用106种语言中的1016个基本概念词的集合，我们证明了每个音素的位与词的平均长度之间的非常强的负相关性为-0.74。
英文摘要：
We present methods for calculating a measure of phonotactic complexity---bits per phoneme---that permits a straightforward cross-linguistic comparison. When given a word, represented as a sequence of phonemic segments such as symbols in the international phonetic alphabet, and a statistical model trained on a sample of word types from the language, we can approximately measure bits per phoneme using the negative log-probability of that word under the model. This simple measure allows us to compare the entropy across languages, giving insight into how complex a language's phonotactics are. Using a collection of 1016 basic concept words across 106 languages, we demonstrate a very strong negative correlation of -0.74 between bits per phoneme and the average length of words.
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